The World with Us: The State of American Environmental History
The World with Us: The State of American Environmental History
复制标题
世界与我们同在：美国环境史现状
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Sutter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Sutter
1990年，在一群著名历史学家之间举行的一次圆桌讨论会上，《美国历史杂志》向读者介绍了当时新兴的环境史学科。该领域起源于几个古老的学术企业，包括美国边疆的史学，传统的美国研究，年鉴学校，历史地理学，文化生态学和保护的政治史，但它与20世纪60年代和70年代环境运动的兴起结合起来，这是因为人们越来越意识到，解决国家和全球环境问题需要一种历史的眼光。社会史的逻辑对环境史的兴起也有着同样重要的影响;社会历史学家主张将历史的考虑扩展到那些不那么强大的人，以及那些在档案中很难找到声音的人，环境历史学家建议学者们跳过人文主义的鸿沟，解释唐纳德·沃斯特在他的主要文章中所说的“自然在人类生活中的角色和地位”。与社会历史学家一样，环境历史学家主张将新的资源和方法引入历史实践，通常来自生态学和其他环境科学。正如社会历史学家对他们的研究对象所做的那样，环境历史学家试图将道德考虑扩展到自然世界。1990年的《美国历史杂志》圆桌会议是第一代环境史学者的顶峰，也是第二代学者的跳板。沃斯特解释说，环境史试图表达一套“自主、独立的能量，这些能量不来自任何文化的驱动力和意图”，他敦促环境历史学家利用“人类的智慧”。
In a now-classic round table discussion among a group of noted historians in 1990, the Journal of American History introduced its readers to the then-new discipline of environmental history. The field had its roots in several venerable scholarly enterprises—including the historiography of the American frontier, traditional American studies, the Annales school, historical geography, cultural ecology, and the political history of conservation— but it coalesced with the rise of the environmental movement in the 1960s and 1970s, catalyzed by a growing sense that solving national and global environmental problems required a historical perspective. The logic of social history had an equally important formative influence on the rise of environmental history; where social historians argued for extending historical consideration to the less powerful and those whose voices were difficult to find in archives, environmental historians suggested that scholars jump the humanistic divide to account for what Donald Worster, in his lead essay, called “the role and place of nature in human life.” Like social historians, environmental historians argued for bringing new sources and methods into the practice of history, usually drawing from ecology and other environmental sciences. And as social historians had done with their subjects of study, environmental historians sought to extend moral consideration to the natural world. The 1990 Journal of American History round table functioned as the culmination of the first generation of environmental history scholarship and a springboard for a second generation of scholars. Worster explained that environmental history sought to give voice to a set of “autonomous, independent energies that do not derive from the drives and intentions of any culture,” and he urged environmental historians to utilize the “wisdom of