Age-related differences in cardiovascular reactivity during acute psychological stress in men and women.
Age-related differences in cardiovascular reactivity during acute psychological stress in men and women.
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男性和女性急性心理应激期间心血管反应性的年龄相关差异。
DOI：
10.1093/geronb/54b.6.p339
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Flinders,JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Uchino,BN;Uno,D;Holt-Lunstad,J;Flinders,JB
我们采用横断面设计研究了133名血压正常的受试者在急性心理社会应激期间心血管反应性的潜在年龄和性别差异。结果显示，年龄预测压力时收缩压（SBP）反应性升高（p < 0.001）。在老年人中发现的更大的收缩压反应性是由于压力时心排血量和总外周阻力的年龄相关增加，统计学上控制这些变化使得年龄和收缩压反应性的影响不显著。类似的分析显示，心输出量反应性与年龄相关的增加似乎是由心脏交感神经对心肌收缩力的控制增加（通过射血前期测量）驱动的。与年轻人相比，老年人在压力下也有更大的迷走神经戒断，以呼吸窦性心律失常为指标（p < 0.01）。这些结果在男性和女性中具有可比性，不能用特定任务的情感反应、任务表现或人口因素来解释。对年龄、心血管反应性和健康研究的意义进行了讨论。
We examined potential age and gender differences in cardiovascular reactivity during acute psychosocial stress in 133 normotensive participants using a cross-sectional design. Results revealed that age predicted increased systolic blood pressure (SBP) reactivity during stress (p < .001). The greater SBP reactivity found in older individuals appeared due to an age-associated increase in both cardiac output and total peripheral resistance during stress as statistically controlling for these changes rendered the age and SBP reactivity effect nonsignificant. Similar analyses revealed that the age-related increase in cardiac output reactivity appeared to be driven by increased cardiac sympathetic control of myocardial contractility as measured by pre-ejection period. Older individuals also had greater vagal withdrawal during stress compared to younger individuals as indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (p < .01). These results were comparable for men and women, and could not be explained by task-specific affective responses, task performance, or demographic factors. Implications for the study of age, cardiovascular reactivity, and health are discussed.