WAR, DEARTH AND THEFT IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY: THE RECORD OF THE ENGLISH COURTS
WAR, DEARTH AND THEFT IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY: THE RECORD OF THE ENGLISH COURTS
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十八世纪的战争、饥饿和盗窃：英国法庭的记录
DOI：
10.1093/past/95.1.117
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Douglas Hay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Douglas Hay
“先生，这就是数数的好处。它把一切都带到一个确定性，这之前在脑海中无限浮动。[1]约翰逊博士这样说，但他的时代还没有开始狂热地计算社会”事实”，而这正是美国人的特点。我们对18世纪刑事起诉的水平只有很少的、零散的当代观察，直到最近，档案工作才开始确定有多少人在哪一年在哪一个法院被起诉，结果如何。在这一过程中，我们对刑法在不同时期对国家的相对重要性，对控制法律的人所面临的行政问题，以及对现行刑罚制度的起源，都有了更清楚的认识。然而，许多历史学家希望在过去司法判决的统计数据中找到更多的证据，
" THAT, SIR, IS THE GOOD OF COUNTING. IT BRINGS EVERY THING TO a certainty, which before floated in the mind indefinitely". 1 Thus said Dr. Johnson, but his age was not yet embarked on the mania for counting social" facts" that so distinguished the Victorians. We have very few, scattered, contemporary observations on levels of criminal indictments in the eighteenth century, and it is only recently that archival work has begun to establish how many people were prosecuted in which courts in which years with what results. In the process we have gained a much clearer idea of the relative importance of the criminal law to the state at different periods, of the administrative problems faced by those who controlled the law, and of the origins of present penal systems. 2 Many historians, however, have wanted to find more in the statistics of past judicial decisions, to find evidence