Parental Education-related Gaps in Externalising Behaviour at age 3-4 Years: Evidence from a Harmonised Framework from the United Kingdom, the United States, and the Netherlands
Parental Education-related Gaps in Externalising Behaviour at age 3-4 Years: Evidence from a Harmonised Framework from the United Kingdom, the United States, and the Netherlands
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DOI：
10.1007/s10566-023-09759-4
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发表时间：
2023-07-06
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Kwon，Sarah Jiyoon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Volodina，Anna;Weinert，Sabine;Kwon，Sarah Jiyoon
背景社会经济地位（SES）相关的儿童发展不平等的影响因素研究主要集中在单个国家和特定的影响因素。只有少数研究仔细研究了儿童早期行为结果的差异在多大程度上因国家而异，以及解释这些差异的过程是共同的还是特定的。本研究的目的是探讨3至4岁儿童外部化行为中与SES相关的不平等和解释因素，以及它们在结果变量中的普遍性该研究使用了来自三个纵向大规模研究的协调数据，这些研究在英国（UK），美国（US），和荷兰，以及一种比较分析早期社会经济地位的分解方法-相关差距和解释factors.ResultsResults结果表明，不同国家的父母教育相关的差距的程度不同。所包含的解释性因素占了多动症和行为问题的显着数量的差距。然而，虽然家庭收入和母亲的抑郁情绪显着解释了所有三个国家的外化行为的各个方面的差距，但其他因素则因国家而异。在美国和英国，与健康相关的因素也与解释两种儿童结局的早期差异有关;在英国，家庭的结构方面也显著解释了行为问题的差异;没有其他因素有助于解释荷兰的差距。在儿童行为方面存在的相关不平等现象以及在制定适当干预措施时可能有所帮助的情况部分相似，但在国家和儿童成果之间也存在很大差异。
BackgroundResearch on factors underlying socioeconomic status (SES)-related inequalities in child development mainly focuses on single countries and specific influential factors. Only few studies scrutinize to what extent differences in children’s early behavioural outcomes vary across countries and whether the processes that account for them are common or context-specific.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore SES-related inequalities and explanatory factors in 3- to 4-year-old children’s externalising behaviour as well as their generalisability across outcome variables (hyperactivity, conduct problems) and countries.MethodsThe study uses harmonised data from three longitudinal large-scale studies conducted in the United Kingdom (UK), the United States (US), and the Netherlands and a decomposition method to comparatively analyse early SES-related gaps and explanatory factors.ResultsResults show that the extent of parental education-related gaps varied across countries. The included explanatory factors accounted for significant amounts of gaps in hyperactivity and conduct problems. Yet, while family income and maternal depressive feelings significantly explained gaps in each facet of externalising behaviour across all three countries, other factors were country-specific. In the US and the UK, health-related factors were additionally relevant for explaining early gaps in both child outcomes; in the UK, also structural aspects of the family significantly explained gaps in conduct problems; no other factors contributed to the explanation of gaps in the Netherlands.ConclusionsMechanisms that might reduce SES-related inequalities in child behaviour and that may be helpful when constructing appropriate interventions are partially similar, yet also significantly different between countries and child outcomes.