Numerical simulation of tsunamis — Its present and near future
Numerical simulation of tsunamis — Its present and near future
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海啸的数值模拟——它的现在和不久的将来
DOI：
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Shuto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Shuto
通过数值模拟对海啸进行事后预测是一个漫长而复杂的推演过程，只知道最终结果，如启动高度和潮汐记录，由于记录数量不足，以及验潮仪的水力和机械限制，这两者都可能存在偏差。有很多错误的来源。由地震数据确定的初始剖面甚至可能与实际的海啸剖面不同。数值格式引入了误差。陆地附近和陆地上的非线性需要适当地选择方程。考虑到这些事实，值得注意的是，数值模拟产生了令人满意的实用信息，因为就最大爬高而言，最终误差通常在15%以内。对海啸数值模拟的现状进行了批判性的总结。并对近期存在的问题进行了说明。提出了计算机图形学卓有成效的应用。
Hindcasting of a tsunami by numerical simulations is a process of lengthy and complicated deductions, knowing only the final results such as run-up heights and tide records, both of which are possibly biased due to an insufficient number of records and due to hydraulic and mechanical limitation of tide gauges. There are many sources of error. The initial profile, determined with seismic data, can even be different from the actual tsunami profile. The numerical scheme introduces errors. Nonlinearity near and on land requires an appropriate selection of equations. Taking these facts into account, it should be noted that numerical simulations produce satisfactory information for practical use, because the final error is usually within 15% as far as the maximum run-up height is concerned.The state-of-the-art of tsunami numerical simulations is critically summarized from generation to run-up. Problems in the near future are also stated. Fruitful application of computer graphics is suggested.