The Social-Ecological Keystone Concept: A Quantifiable Metaphor for Understanding the Structure, Function, and Resilience of a Biocultural System
The Social-Ecological Keystone Concept: A Quantifiable Metaphor for Understanding the Structure, Function, and Resilience of a Biocultural System
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社会生态基石概念：理解生物文化系统的结构、功能和弹性的量化隐喻
DOI：
10.3390/su10093294
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
F. Berkes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Winter;N. Lincoln;F. Berkes
社会生态系统理论借鉴了生态学学科中建立的概念，并将其应用于人类自然系统的更全面的观点。我们将基石的概念纳入社会生态系统理论，并使用量子协同进化单位（QCU）来量化生物文化元素作为社会生态系统的基石组件或冗余组件。这是通过确定生物文化多样性的具体要素，然后确定生物文化功能群体内的主导地位来实现的。选择“夏威夷社会生态系统”作为研究模型来检验这一概念，因为它已被公认为人类生物复杂性和社会生态系统的模型。基于定量和定性的评估，本研究的结论支持的概念，芋头种植是夏威夷社会生态系统的一个关键组成部分。它进一步表明，甘薯种植是一个连续的社会生态的基石，在干旱地区维持大规模的芋头种植，从而促进了“替代政权国家”在同一社会生态系统中的存在。这些结论表明，这些生物文化的做法应该是一个重点的生物文化恢复工作在21世纪世纪，其中许多旨在恢复文化景观。
Social-ecological system theory draws upon concepts established within the discipline of ecology, and applies them to a more holistic view of a human-in-nature system. We incorporated the keystone concept into social-ecological system theory, and used the quantum co-evolution unit (QCU) to quantify biocultural elements as either keystone components or redundant components of social-ecological systems. This is done by identifying specific elements of biocultural diversity, and then determining dominance within biocultural functional groups. The “Hawaiian social-ecological system” was selected as the model of study to test this concept because it has been recognized as a model of human biocomplexity and social-ecological systems. Based on both quantified and qualified assessments, the conclusions of this research support the notion that taro cultivation is a keystone component of the Hawaiian social-ecological system. It further indicates that sweet potato cultivation was a successional social-ecological keystone in regions too arid to sustain large-scale taro cultivation, and thus facilitated the existence of an “alternative regime state” in the same social-ecological system. Such conclusions suggest that these biocultural practices should be a focal point of biocultural restoration efforts in the 21st century, many of which aim to restore cultural landscapes.