Racial differences in birth outcomes: The role of general, pregnancy, and racism stress
Racial differences in birth outcomes: The role of general, pregnancy, and racism stress
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-6133.27.2.194
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Sandman, Curt A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dominguez, Tyan Parker;Dunkel-Schetter, Christine;Sandman, Curt A.
目的：本研究探讨心理社会压力在出生结局种族差异中的作用。设计图：对51名非裔美国人和73名非西班牙裔白色孕妇的产妇健康、社会人口学因素和3种形式的压力（一般压力、妊娠压力和感知种族主义）进行了前瞻性评估。主要结果测量：关注的结果是出生体重和分娩时的胎龄。仅对出生体重的预测模型进行了测试，因为各组在胎龄上没有显著差异。结果：种族主义和一般压力的指标与出生体重相关，并在回归分析中进行了测试。在样本作为一个整体，一生和童年的种族主义指标预测出生体重和衰减的种族差异，独立的医疗和社会人口控制变量。每个种族组内的模型显示，种族主义是非洲裔美国人出生体重的重要预测因素，但不是非西班牙裔白人。结论：这些研究结果进一步证明，种族主义可能在出生结果差异中发挥重要作用，它们是第一批表明生命早期发生的心理社会因素对这些特定健康结果的重要性。
Objective: This study examined the role of psychosocial stress in racial differences in birth outcomes. Design: Maternal health, sociodemographic factors, and 3 forms of stress (general stress, pregnancy stress, and perceived racism) were assessed prospectively in a sample of 51 African American and 73 non-Hispanic White pregnant women. Main Outcome Measures: The outcomes of interest were birth weight and gestational age at delivery. Only predictive models of birth weight were tested as the groups did not differ significantly in gestational age. Results: Perceived racism and indicators of general stress were correlated with birth weight and tested in regression analyses. In the sample as a whole, lifetime and childhood indicators of perceived racism predicted birth weight and attenuated racial differences, independent of medical and sociodemographic control variables. Models within each race group showed that perceived racism was a significant predictor of birth weight in African Americans, but not in non-Hispanic Whites. Conclusions: These findings provide further evidence that racism may play an important role in birth outcome disparities, and they are among the first to indicate the significance of psychosocial factors that occur early in the life course for these specific health outcomes.