Long-term declines of wader populations at the Tagus estuary, Portugal: a response to global or local factors?
Long-term declines of wader populations at the Tagus estuary, Portugal: a response to global or local factors?
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DOI：
10.1017/s0959270910000626
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Granadeiro, Jose P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Catry, Teresa;Alves, Jose A.;Granadeiro, Jose P.
迁徙涉禽种群面临着全球性的威胁，主要与人类活动导致的栖息地丧失和干扰的增加有关。在很大程度上，这些种群的长期生存需要保护其迁徙飞行路线沿着的网络。葡萄牙的塔霍河河口是东大西洋飞行路线上涉禽最重要的湿地之一。自1975年以来，每年的冬季涉禽数量一直在这片湿地进行，并于2007年实施了每月的栖息地监测计划。五个最丰富的物种，Dunlin Calidris alpina，灰色普洛弗Pluvialis squaquarola和Redshank Tringa totanus的越冬种群在过去三十年中出现了显着的人口下降，这很可能是由于人类活动增加导致栖息地的丧失和退化。这种情况不太可能改善，因为很大一部分越冬涉禽的栖息地位于高度城市化的地区，没有法律的保护。涉禽使用不同的栖息地是高度可变的时间和空间，从而强调需要一个网络的高质量的栖息地。此外，在迁移期间，60-80%的塔霍河河口涉禽集中在一个单一的避难所，从而增加了涉禽种群在这些时期的风险。
Migratory wader populations face global threats, mainly related to increasing rates of habitat loss and disturbance driven by human activities. To a large extent, the long-term survival of these populations requires the conservation of networks of sites along their migratory flyways. The Tagus estuary, Portugal, is among the most important wetlands for waders in the East Atlantic Flyway. Annual winter wader counts have been carried in this wetland since 1975 and a monthly roost-monitoring programme was implemented in 2007. Wintering populations of three out of the five most abundant species, Dunlin Calidris alpina, Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola and Redshank Tringa totanus, showed significant population declines over the past three decades, which are most likely due to the loss and degradation of roost sites as a result of increasing human activity. The situation is unlikely to improve, as a high proportion of the wintering waders use roost sites that are situated in highly urbanised areas with no legal protection. The use of different roost sites by waders is highly variable both temporally and spatially, thus emphasizing the need for a network of good quality roost sites. Additionally, during migration, 60-80% of all the waders of the Tagus estuary concentrate at a single refuge, thus increasing the risk for wader populations during these periods.