Update on the Phylodynamics of SADS-CoV.
Update on the Phylodynamics of SADS-CoV.
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DOI：
10.3390/life11080820
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发表时间：
2021-08-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ciccozzi M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Scarpa F;Sanna D;Azzena I;Cossu P;Giovanetti M;Benvenuto D;Coradduzza E;Alexiev I;Casu M;Fiori PL;Ciccozzi M
冠状病毒是已知的有害和异质病毒，能够感染大量宿主。其中，SADS-CoV(猪急性腹泻综合征冠状病毒)，又称PEAV(猪肠道甲型冠状病毒)，或SEA-CoV(猪肠道甲型冠状病毒)，是最近发现的一种甲型冠状病毒，并在2016年底至2019年期间在中国猪群中引发了多次疫情。我们在2021年6月21日根据所有可用的全基因组对SADS-CoV进行了升级的系统动力学重建。结果表明，SADS-CoV与HKU2类冠状病毒具有非常密切的亲缘关系，这可能代表了SADS-CoV向现在的SADS-CoV进化的中间步骤。到目前为止，SADS冠状病毒的直接祖先尚不清楚，尽管众所周知，马蹄蝠是蝙蝠冠状病毒HKU2样冠状病毒(HKU2样冠状病毒)的宿主，但蝙蝠向猪传播的途径仍不清楚。当考虑到不同的分子标记时，啮齿动物冠状病毒在系统发育位置上的差异证实了重组假说，表明在农场中频繁出现的野鼠可能起到了关键作用。由于缺乏时钟信号，分子测年的尝试失败，也证实了重组事件假说的发生。源于野生动物的人畜共患病很容易成为对人类健康的重大威胁。在这种背景下，由于冠状病毒的高度重组和跨物种能力，SADS-CoV可能是人类的高危病原体，需要持续的分子监测。
Coronaviruses are known to be harmful and heterogeneous viruses, able to infect a large number of hosts. Among them, SADS-CoV (Swine Acute Diarrhea Syndrome Coronavirus), also known as PEAV (Porcine Enteric Alphacoronavirus), or SeA-CoV (Swine Enteric Alphacoronavirus), is the most recent Alphacoronavirus discovered, and caused several outbreaks reported in Chinese swine herds between late 2016 and 2019. We performed an upgraded phylodinamic reconstruction of SADS-CoV based on all whole genomes available on 21 June 2021. Results showed a very close relationship between SADS-CoV and HKU2-like CoV, which may represent the evolutionary intermediate step towards the present SADS-CoV. The direct progenitor of SADS-CoV is so far unknown and, although it is well known that horseshoe bats are reservoirs for Rhinolophus bat coronavirus HKU2-like (HKU2-like CoVs), the transmission path from bats to pigs is still unclear. The discrepancies in the phylogenetic position of rodent CoV, when different molecular markers were considered, corroborate the recombination hypothesis, suggesting that wild rats, which are frequent in farms, may have played a key role. The failure of the attempt at molecular dating, due to the lack of a clock signal, also corroborates the occurrence of a recombination event hypothesis. Zoonotic infections originating in wildlife can easily become a significant threat for human health. In such a context, due to the high recombination and cross-species capabilities of Coronavirus, SADS-CoV represents a possible high-risk pathogen for humans which needs a constant molecular monitoring.