Anarchic centromeres: deciphering order from apparent chaos.

Anarchic centromeres: deciphering order from apparent chaos.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ceb.2013.09.004
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发表时间:
2014-02
影响因子:
7.5
通讯作者:
Allshire, Robin C.
Allshire, Robin C.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Catania, Sandra;Allshire, Robin C.

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特殊的染色质,其中典型的组蛋白H3被与H3相关的蛋白质CENP-A取代,是活性着丝粒的标志,为着丝粒组装提供了基础。着丝粒的位置不是固定的,因为着丝粒可以被灭活,新的着丝粒可以在新的位置出现,而不依赖于特定的DNA序列元件。因此,CENP-A染色质和动点的建立和维持为真正的表观遗传调控提供了一个很好的例子。CENP-A核小体的组成存在争议,但几项研究表明,它们像普通的H3粒子一样,是八聚体。最近的分析为CENP-A如何被识别和传播提供了洞察力,确定了翻译后修饰的角色,并剖析了CENP-A如何招募其他着丝粒蛋白来介导着丝粒组装。
Specialised chromatin in which canonical histone H3 is replaced by CENP-A, an H3 related protein, is a signature of active centromeres and provides the foundation for kinetochore assembly. The location of centromeres is not fixed since centromeres can be inactivated and new centromeres can arise at novel locations independently of specific DNA sequence elements. Therefore, the establishment and maintenance of CENP-A chromatin and kinetochores provide an exquisite example of genuine epigenetic regulation. The composition of CENP-A nucleosomes is contentious but several studies suggest that, like regular H3 particles, they are octamers. Recent analyses have provided insight into how CENP-A is recognised and propagated, identified roles for post-translational modifications and dissected how CENP-A recruits other centromere proteins to mediate kinetochore assembly.
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