Functional landscape heterogeneity and animal biodiversity in agricultural landscapes
Functional landscape heterogeneity and animal biodiversity in agricultural landscapes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01559.x
复制
发表时间：
2011-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Martin, Jean-Louis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fahrig, Lenore;Baudry, Jacques;Martin, Jean-Louis
P>农业景观的生物多样性可以通过将一些生产用地转化为“更自然的”——未管理或广泛管理的土地来增加。然而，在不减少农业生产的情况下，通过改变景观格局可以在多大程度上提高生物多样性，目前尚不清楚。我们提出了一个框架，分别考虑了成分异质性（不同覆盖类型的数量和比例）和配置异质性（覆盖类型的空间排列）。覆盖类型的分类和制图是基于物种的需求，如取食和筑巢，从而产生“功能景观异质性”的测量。然后，我们确定了三个重要的问题：生物多样性是否随着(1)更自然区域的异质性增加，(2)生产覆盖类型的组成异质性增加，(3)生产覆盖类型的配置异质性增加而增加？我们将讨论解决这些问题的方法。这类研究应该得到高度重视，因为全球生物多样性保护越来越依赖于在人类主导的景观中维持生物多样性。
P>Biodiversity in agricultural landscapes can be increased with conversion of some production lands into 'more-natural'- unmanaged or extensively managed - lands. However, it remains unknown to what extent biodiversity can be enhanced by altering landscape pattern without reducing agricultural production. We propose a framework for this problem, considering separately compositional heterogeneity (the number and proportions of different cover types) and configurational heterogeneity (the spatial arrangement of cover types). Cover type classification and mapping is based on species requirements, such as feeding and nesting, resulting in measures of 'functional landscape heterogeneity'. We then identify three important questions: does biodiversity increase with (1) increasing heterogeneity of the more-natural areas, (2) increasing compositional heterogeneity of production cover types and (3) increasing configurational heterogeneity of production cover types? We discuss approaches for addressing these questions. Such studies should have high priority because biodiversity protection globally depends increasingly on maintaining biodiversity in human-dominated landscapes.