Effect of extreme ocean precipitation on sea surface elevation and storm surges
Effect of extreme ocean precipitation on sea surface elevation and storm surges
复制标题
极端海洋降水对海面高程和风暴潮的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Toumi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Wong;R. Toumi
海洋模式，忽略了质量和动量的贡献，从降水可以有一个系统的偏差，在海面高度（SSH）。在这里，一个新的降雨计划被引入到区域海洋模拟系统（ROMS），以纳入降水质量的影响。当降水增加到海面时，它通过表面重力波传播，随着水深的增加，传播速度增加。在几天内，由于降水量的增加，SSH的增加创造了一个地转调整，在SSH增加周围产生反气旋地转流。从降水到海面的动量转移，或雨应力，也很重要。在一个经过北澳大利亚的真实的热带气旋Monica的案例研究中，将降水量的影响与影响风暴潮的其他过程进行了比较：表面风，逆气压计效应和雨应力。风效应、逆气压效应、雨胁迫效应和雨团效应的最大SSH响应分别为170.6cm、61.5cm、7.5cm和6.4cm。每个过程都被证明具有不同的空间影响。与逆气压计效应和雨胁迫效应相比，雨团效应具有较强的远程影响。这种情况在半封闭式隔间中尤为明显。
Ocean models that neglect mass and momentum contributions from precipitation can have a systematic bias in sea surface height (SSH). Here, a new rainfall scheme is introduced into the Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS) to incorporate the effects of precipitation mass. When precipitation is added to the sea surface, it spreads out via surface gravity waves that increase in propagation speed with increasing water depth. Over several days, the SSH increase due to the precipitation mass added creates a geostrophic adjustment, generating anticyclonic geostrophic currents around the SSH increase. The transfer of momentum from precipitation to the sea surface, or rain stress, can also be important. In the case‐study of a real tropical cyclone, Monica, passing North Australia, the effect of incorporating precipitation mass is compared with other processes affecting the storm surge: surface wind, inverse barometer effect and rain stress. The maximum SSH response is 170.6 cm for the wind effect, 61.5 cm for the inverse barometer effect, 7.5 cm for the effect of rain stress and 6.4 cm for the effect of rain mass. Each process has been shown to have different spatial influences. The effect of rain mass has a strong remote influence compared to the inverse barometer effect and the effect of rain stress. This is particularly seen in semi‐enclosed bays.