Sound Practice - improving occupational health and safety for professional orchestral musicians in Australia
Sound Practice - improving occupational health and safety for professional orchestral musicians in Australia
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00973
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发表时间：
2014-09-09
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Driscoll, Tim R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ackermann, Bronwen J.;Kenny, Dianna T.;Driscoll, Tim R.
音响实践项目是一项为期5年的研究，涉及对音乐家特定工作健康和安全倡议的基线评估、开发和实施。同时进行横断面人群生理、心理调查和体格评估，随后进行听力健康评估。结果被用来指导一系列有针对性的干预措施的发展，包括生理、心理和听觉健康部分。本文件概述了该项目，但重点放在横断面调查得出的健康调查结果。来自澳大利亚八个专业交响乐团的377名音乐家参与了这项横断面研究(约占合格音乐家的七成)。84%(84%)的音乐家报告了过去与表演相关的肌肉骨骼障碍(PRMD)发作；50%的音乐家目前患有PRMD。在返回听力调查的63%的人中，43%的人认为自己有听力损失，%的人至少断断续续地使用耳塞。尽管在这种环境中的风险意识和耳塞的使用比管弦乐环境中的低，但私人执业时的噪音暴露被发现是很高的。改进的战略方法、声屏和最近开发的有源耳塞被发现为听力保护提供了有效的新选择。在心理社会筛选方面，女性音乐人报告的特质焦虑、音乐表演焦虑、社交焦虑和其他形式的焦虑和抑郁明显多于男性音乐人。与年龄最大的音乐家相比，最年轻的音乐家明显更焦虑。33%(33%)的音乐家可能符合社交恐惧症的诊断标准；32%的音乐家返回阳性抑郁筛查，22%的音乐家符合创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的诊断标准。PRMD和触发点不适水平与抑郁和音乐表演焦虑等心理问题的严重程度密切相关。
The Sound Practice Project is a 5-year study involving baseline evaluation, development, and implementation of musician-specific work health and safety initiatives. A cross-sectional population physical and psychological survey and physical assessment were conducted at the same time, with an auditory health assessment conducted later. The results were used to guide the development of a series of targeted interventions, encompassing physical, psychological, and auditory health components. This paper provides an overview of the project but focuses on the health findings arising from the cross-sectional survey. Three hundred and seventy-seven musicians from the eight professional symphony orchestras in Australia took part in the cross-sectional study (about 70% of eligible musicians). Eighty-four percent (84%) of musicians reported past performance-related musculoskeletal disorder (PRMD) episodes; 50% were suffering a current PRMD. Of the 63% who returned hearing surveys, 43% believed they had hearing loss, and 64% used earplugs at least intermittently. Noise exposure was found to be high in private practice, although awareness of risk and earplug use in this environment was lower than in orchestral settings. Improved strategic approaches, acoustic screens and recently developed active earplugs were found to provide effective new options for hearing protection. With respect to psychosocial screening, female musicians reported significantly more trait anxiety, music performance anxiety, social anxiety, and other forms of anxiety and depression than male musicians. The youngest musicians were significantly more anxious compared with the oldest musicians. Thirty-three percent (33%) of musicians may meet criteria for a diagnosis of social phobia; 32% returned a positive depression screen and 22% for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PRMDs and trigger point discomfort levels were strongly associated with increasing severity of psychological issues such as depression and music performance anxiety.