Rapid metabolism increases the level of 2,4-D resistance at high temperature in common waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus)
Rapid metabolism increases the level of 2,4-D resistance at high temperature in common waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus)
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-53164-8
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发表时间：
2019-11
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Chandrima Shyam;A. Jhala;G. Kruger;M. Jugulam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chandrima Shyam;A. Jhala;G. Kruger;M. Jugulam
在美国中西部，常见的水麻出现在整个作物生长季节，因此，幼苗暴露在广泛的温度制度下。通常，2,4- d在中西部地区用于种植大豆前控制冬季一年生阔叶杂草，并在玉米和高粱出现后早期施用；然而，在中西部几个州，抗2,4- d的普通水麻的进化可能会限制2.4-D的使用，以控制这种问题杂草。温度是影响2,4- d防杂草效果的关键因素之一。研究了温度对2,4- d对普通水麻2,4-D敏感（WHS）和抗性（WHR）防治效果的影响。在高（高温，34/20°C, d/n）和低（低温，24/10°C, d/n）两种温度下，评估了WHS和WHR对2,4- d的响应。全株剂量反应研究表明，与对照相比，水麻对2,4- d的抗性水平增加。对该反应的生理机制的进一步研究表明，与对照相比，水麻和水麻对14c2,4 - d的代谢速度更快。综上所述，水麻对2,4- d的快速代谢使水麻对2,4- d的抗性水平增加。因此，在温度较低时施用2,4- d可以改善对2,4- d抗性的普通水麻的控制。
Common waterhemp emerges throughout the crop growing season in the Midwestern United States, and as a result, the seedlings are exposed to a wide range of temperature regimes. Typically, 2,4-D is used in the Midwest to control winter annual broad-leaf weeds before planting soybean and in an early post-emergence application in corn and sorghum; however, the evolution of 2,4-D-resistant common waterhemp in several Midwestern states may limit the use of 2.4-D for controlling this problem weed. Moreover, temperature is one of the crucial factors affecting weed control efficacy of 2,4-D. This research investigated the effect of temperature on efficacy of 2,4-D to control 2,4-D susceptible (WHS) and -resistant (WHR) common waterhemp. Do se-response of WHS and WHR to 2,4-D was assessed at two temperature regimes, high (HT; 34/20 °C, d/n) and low (LT; 24/10 °C, d/n). Whole plant dose response study indicated an increased level of 2,4-D resistance in WHR at HT compared to LT. Additional investigation of the physiological mechanism of this response indicated that both WHS and WHR common waterhemp plants rapidly metabolized14C 2,4-D at HT compared to LT. In conclusion, a rapid metabolism of 2,4-D conferred increased level of resistance to 2,4-D in WHR at HT. Therefore, application of 2,4-D when temperatures are cooler can improve control of 2,4-D resistant common waterhemp.