Intracellular inflammatory sensors for foreign invaders and substances of self-origin.
Intracellular inflammatory sensors for foreign invaders and substances of self-origin.
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外来入侵者和自体物质的细胞内炎症传感器。
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4614-1680-7_5
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Takeshita F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jounai N;Kobiyama K;Takeshita F.
为了生存，所有生物体都必须识别和消除外来入侵者，如传染性病原体、化学品、紫外线、代谢物和受损或转化的自身组织，以及移植时的同种异体器官。5HFHQW UHVHDUFK LQ LQQDWH LPPXQLW\KDV HOXFLGDWHG WKDW WKHUH DUH YHUVDWLOH LQflDPPDWRU\识别来自“非自身”和“自身”的物质的时空“哨兵”传感器，例如Toll样受体、视黄酸诱导基因I样受体、核苷酸寡聚化结构域样受体和c型凝集素受体。高等生物通过发展多种分子获得了高水平的功能，已经建立了细胞外和细胞内传感器，可以区分与混杂但生物学上相似的分子模式。此外，人类的“功能丧失”或“功能丧失”疾病和免疫功能低下疾病。进一步的研究集中在RQ WKH UROH RI WKHVH LQflDPPDWRU\VHQVRUV LQ WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI LPPXQH GLVRUGHUV，将为开发这些疾病的新诊断和治疗应用提供新的途径。
In order to survive, all organisms must recognize and eliminate foreign invaders such as infectious pathogens, chemicals, ultraviolet rays, metabolites and damaged or transformed self-tissues, as well as allogenic organs in cases of transplantation. 5HFHQW UHVHDUFK LQ LQQDWH LPPXQLW\KDV HOXFLGDWHG WKDW WKHUH DUH YHUVDWLOH LQflDPPDWRU\sensors on spatiotemporal ‘sentry duty’that recognize substances derived from both ‘nonself’and ‘self’, eg, Toll-like receptors, retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptors, nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors and c-type lectin receptors. Having acquired high-level functions through the development of multiple molecules, higher organisms have established both extracellular and intracellular sensors that can discriminate danger-associated molecular patterns from promiscuous, but biologically similar, molecular patterns. In addition,‘loss-of-function’or µJDLQ RI IXQFWLRQ¶ PXWDWLRQV LQ WKHVH LQflDPPDWRU\VHQVRUV KDYH EHHQ OLQNHG DW OHDVW LQ SDUW ZLWK WKH HWLRORJ\DQG VHYHULW\RI DXWRLPPXQH GLVHDVHV DXWRLQflDPPDWRU\diseases and immunocompromised diseases in humans. Further studies focusing RQ WKH UROH RI WKHVH LQflDPPDWRU\VHQVRUV LQ WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI LPPXQH GLVRUGHUV would highlight new avenues for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic applications with regard to these diseases.