Further validation of a marijuana purchase task
Further validation of a marijuana purchase task
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.04.025
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发表时间：
2015-07-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
MacKillop, James
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aston, Elizabeth R.;Metrik, Jane;MacKillop, James
背景资料：需要对大麻的相对经济价值进行有效的衡量，以表征大麻强化价值的个体差异，并为不断发展的国家大麻政策提供信息。相对药物价值（需求）可以通过购买任务来测量，对酒精和香烟的需求与渴望，依赖和治疗反应有关。本研究采用大麻购买任务（MPT）对99名经常吸食大麻的被试进行调查（37.4%女性，71.5%大麻使用天数，15.2%大麻依赖）。Pearson相关分析表明，（自由消费）和开始规律使用的年龄（r=-0.34，p < 0.001），与使用天数（r= 0.26，p < 0.05）和主观渴求（r = 0.43，p < 0.001）呈正相关。最大耗氧量（O-max）与使用天数（r= 0.29，p < 0.01）和主观渴求（r= 0.27，p < 0.01）呈正相关。收入与需求无关。指数需求模型提供了一个很好的适合跨用户的数据（R-2 = 0.99）。根据是否存在DSM-IV大麻依赖症状进行的群体比较显示，有任何依赖症状的使用者表现出明显更高的需求强度和更无弹性的需求，反映出对价格上涨更不敏感。这些结果为MPT的结构效度提供了支持，表明其对大麻需求的敏感性是成本增加的函数，以及其区分具有和不具有依赖症状的用户的能力。MPT可以表示滥用责任，是行为经济学文献的一个有价值的补充。大麻定价和税收政策的潜在应用进行了讨论。出版社：Elsevier爱尔兰Ltd.
Background: A valid measure of the relative economic value of marijuana is needed to characterize individual variation in the drug's reinforcing value and inform evolving national marijuana policy. Relative drug value (demand) can be measured via purchase tasks, and demand-for alcohol and cigarettes has been associated with craving, dependence, and treatment response. This study examined marijuana demand with a marijuana purchase task (MPT).Methods: The 22-item self-report MPT was administered to 99 frequent marijuana users (37.4% female, 71.5% marijuana use days, 15.2% cannabis dependent).Results: Pearson correlations indicated a negative relationship between intensity (free consumption) and age of initiation of regular use (r= -0.34, p < 0.001), and positive associations with use days (r= 0.26, p < 0.05) and subjective craving (r = 0.43, p < 0.001). O-max (maximum expenditure) was positively associated with use days (r= 0.29,p < 0.01) and subjective craving (r= 0.27, p < 0.01). Income was not associated with demand. An exponential demand model provided an excellent fit to the data across users (R-2 = 0.99). Group comparisons based on presence or absence of DSM-IV cannabis dependence symptoms revealed that users with any dependence symptoms showed significantly higher intensity of demand and more inelastic demand, reflecting greater insensitivity to price increases.Conclusions: These results provide support for construct validity of the MPT, indicating its sensitivity to marijuana demand as a function of increasing cost, and its ability to differentiate between users with and without dependence symptoms. The MPT may denote abuse liability and is a valuable addition to the behavioral economic literature. Potential applications to marijuana pricing and tax policy are discussed. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.