Adult-onset asthma in west Sweden - Incidence, sex differences and impact of occupational exposures
Adult-onset asthma in west Sweden - Incidence, sex differences and impact of occupational exposures
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.rmed.2011.06.003
复制
发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Lundback, Bo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Toren, Kjell;Ekerljung, Linda;Lundback, Bo
目的是估计成人发病哮喘的发病率与年龄、性别、吸烟和职业暴露的关系。随机抽取18087名年龄在16-75岁之间的受试者进行呼吸系统问卷调查。成人发病哮喘被定义为“医生诊断的”16岁或16岁以后发病的哮喘。受试者被问及哮喘诊断年份以及开始和停止吸烟的年份。16岁以前患有哮喘和医生诊断为慢性阻塞性肺疾病的受试者被排除在外，结果研究人群为15,761名受试者。计算成人发病哮喘的发病率，并使用cox回归模型评估相对风险。1990-2008年期间，新发哮喘359例，成人发病哮喘累计发病率为2.3%。粗发病率为1.4/1000人年（95%可信区间1.3/1000 ~ 1.6/1000），女性发病率明显高于男性。不吸烟年哮喘发病率与吸烟年相似。哮喘发病率随年龄增长而下降。职业粉尘和烟雾暴露以及女性与哮喘风险增加有关。职业暴露在气体、粉尘和烟雾中的可归因比例在整个群体中为9.4%，在男性中为17.3%，在女性中为5.1%。女性哮喘发病率高于男性，且随年龄增长而下降。相当大比例的新发哮喘病例可归因于职业暴露。(C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
The aim was to estimate the incidence rate of adult-onset asthma in relation to age, sex, smoking and occupational exposures.A random sample of 18,087 subjects aged 16-75 years was investigated using a respiratory questionnaire. Adult-onset asthma was defined as "physician-diagnosed" asthma with onset at or after 16 years of age. The subjects were asked about year of asthma diagnosis and year of starting and stopping smoking. Subjects with onset of asthma before 16 years of age and physician-diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were excluded resulting in a study population of 15,761 subjects. Incidence-rates of adult-onset asthma were calculated and relative risks were assessed using Cox-regression models.During the observation period 1990-2008, 359 new cases of asthma occurred and the cumulative incidence for adult-onset asthma was 2.3%. The crude incidence rate was 1.4/1000 person-years (95% confidence interval 1.3/1000-1.6/1000), with significantly higher incidence rate among women than among men. The incidence rate of asthma during never-smoking years was similar to that during smoking years. The rate of asthma incidence decreased with increasing age. Occupational dust and fume exposure and being female were associated with increased risk of asthma. The attributable fraction for occupational exposure to gas, dust and fumes was 9.4% in the total group, 17.3% among men and 5.1% among women.The incidence rate of asthma was higher among women than among men, and the rate declined with increasing age. A substantial proportion of the new-onset asthma cases could be attributed to occupational exposures. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.