Malathion induced oxidative stress leads to histopathological and biochemical toxicity in the liver of rohu (Labeo rohita, Hamilton) at acute concentration
Malathion induced oxidative stress leads to histopathological and biochemical toxicity in the liver of rohu (Labeo rohita, Hamilton) at acute concentration
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.002
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发表时间：
2018-10-15
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Fahad, Shah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ullah, Sana;Li, Zhongqiu;Fahad, Shah
有机磷农药是一类多样化的化学品，具有广泛的理化特性，具有关键的毒理学作用和终点。这些广泛用于控制不同食品（水果、蔬菜、茶叶等）和非食品（烟草、棉花等）作物的害虫。马拉硫磷是一种重要且广泛使用的有机磷农药，但其对鱼类的肝毒性作用尚未得到充分研究。因此，本研究旨在使用不同参数在半静态系统中研究马拉硫磷对南亚野鲮（Labeo rohita）的肝毒性作用。通过Probit分析发现马拉硫磷对南亚野鲮96小时的LC50为5μg/L，并用于进一步的毒性测试。为了研究马拉硫磷的肝毒性作用，不同生化指标的变化包括蛋白质含量、脂质过氧化(LPO)、四种蛋白质代谢酶[天冬氨酸转氨酶(AAT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、丙氨酸转氨酶(AlAT)和谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)]的活性、七种抗氧化酶[过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶]检测了（POD）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、谷胱甘肽转移酶（GST）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）]、DNA损伤（彗尾长度、尾矩、尾部DNA百分比和橄榄尾矩）、活性氧（ROS）和组织病理学改变。马拉硫磷暴露导致蛋白质含量随时间显着（P < 0.05）下降，ROS、LPO、酶活性和 DNA 损伤显着（P < 0.05）增加。肝脏的组织病理学检查显示不同的变化，包括肝坏死、脂肪浸润、出血空泡、糖原空泡、充血和细胞肿胀。目前的研究清楚地表明马拉硫磷是一种强效的肝毒性农药；因此，应禁止或至少减少并严格监控马拉硫磷的不明智、不加区别和广泛使用。
Organophosphorus pesticides form a diverse group of chemicals, having a wide range of physicochemical properties with crucial toxicological actions and endpoints. These are extensively used to control pests of different food (fruits, vegetables, tea, etc.) and non-food (tobacco, cotton, etc.) crops. Malathion is an important widely used organophosphorus pesticide but its hepatotoxic effects on fish are not well studied. Therefore, the current study was designed to investigate the hepatotoxic effects of Malathion on rohu (Labeo rohita) fish in a semi-static system using different parameters. The LC50 of Malathion was found to be 5 mu g/L for rohu for 96 h through Probit analysis and was used for further toxicity testing. To find the hepatotoxic effects of Malathion, changes in different biochemical indices including protein contents, Lipid Peroxidation (LPO), activities of four protein metabolic enzymes [Aspartate Aminotransferase (AAT), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Alanine Aminotransferase (AlAT), and Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GDH)], seven antioxidant enzymes [Catalase (CAT), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD), Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione Reductase (GR), Glutathione-stransferase (GST), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px)], DNA damage [in term of comet tail length, tail moment, DNA percentage in tail, and olive tail moment], reactive oxygen species (ROS), and Histopathological alterations were assayed. Malathion exposure led to a time-reliant significant (P < 0.05) decrease in protein contents and a significant (P < 0.05) increase in ROS, LPO, enzymatic activities, and DNA damage. The histopathological examination of the liver showed different changes including hepatic necrosis, fatty infiltration, hemorrhage vacuolation, glycogen vacuolation, congestion, and cellular swelling. The current study clearly revealed Malathion as a potent hepatotoxic pesticide; therefore the injudicious, indiscriminate and extensive use of Malathion should be prohibited or at least reduced and strictly monitored.