Health effects following subacute exposure to geogenic dusts from arsenic-rich sediment at the Nellis Dunes Recreation Area, Las Vegas, NV
Health effects following subacute exposure to geogenic dusts from arsenic-rich sediment at the Nellis Dunes Recreation Area, Las Vegas, NV
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DOI：
10.1016/j.taap.2016.05.017
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发表时间：
2016-08-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Keil, Deborah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DeWitt, Jamie;Buck, Brenda;Keil, Deborah
来自干旱环境的地质粉尘可能对人类造成吸入性危害，尤其是在使用产生大量粉尘的越野车辆时。本研究重点关注了亚急性暴露于内华达州拉斯维加斯附近内利斯沙丘娱乐区沉积物中产生的地质粉尘后的免疫毒理学和神经毒理学效应，这些沉积物中砷含量特别高;这些表层沉积物中天然存在的砷浓度为4.8至346微克/克。在这项研究中使用的沉积物中的灰尘样品的中值直径为4.5 μ m，也是一个复杂的混合物的天然存在的金属，包括铝，钒，铬，锰，铁，钴，铜，锌，锶，铯，铅，铀，砷。在末次暴露后24小时，对通过口咽抽吸暴露于0.01至100 mg粉尘/kg体重的成年雌性BC 3F 1小鼠进行评价，共暴露4次，间隔一周，持续28天。所有浓度下的外周嗜酸性粒细胞均增加，血清肌酐从1.0 mg/kg/天剂量开始呈剂量反应性增加，10和100 mg/kg/天剂量下血尿素氮降低。抗原特异性IgM反应和自然杀伤细胞活性在0.1 mg/lcg/天及以上剂量下受到抑制。0.01、0.1、10和100 mg/kg/天剂量组的脾脏CD 4 + CD 25 + T细胞减少。MBP、NF-68和GFAP抗体选择性减少。根据IgM反应和自然杀伤细胞活性，确定了0.01 mg/kg/天的无明显不良反应水平和0.1 mg/kg/天的最低明显不良反应水平，表明在与我们设计相似的条件下暴露于该粉尘可能影响这些反应。(C)2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Geogenic dust from arid environments is a possible inhalation hazard for humans, especially when using off-road vehicles that generate significant dust This study focused on immunotoxicological and neurotoxicological effects following subacute exposure to geogenic dust generated from sediments in the Nellis Dunes Recreation Area near Las Vegas, Nevada that are particularly high in arsenic; the naturally-occurring arsenic concentrations in these surficial sediments ranged from 4.8 to 346 mu g/g. Dust samples from sediments used in this study had a median diameter of 4.5 mu m and also were a complex mixture of naturally-occurring metals, including aluminum, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, zinc, strontium, cesium, lead, uranium, and arsenic. Adult female BC3F1 mice exposed via oropharyngeal aspiration to 0.01 to 100 mg dust/kg body weight, four times, a week apart, for 28 days, were evaluated 24 h after the last exposure. Peripheral eosinophils were increased at all concentrations, serum creatinine was dose responsively increased beginning at 1.0 mg/kg/day, and blood urea nitrogen was decreased at 10 and 100 mg/kg/day. Antigen-specific IgM responses and natural killer cell activity were dose-responsively suppressed at 0.1 mg/lcg/day and above. Splenic CD4 + CD25 + T cells were decreased at 0.01, 0.1, 10, and 100 mg/kg/day. Antibodies against MBP, NF-68, and GFAP were selectively reduced. A no observed adverse effect level of 0.01 mg/kg/day and a lowest observed adverse effect level of 0.1 mg/kg/day were determined from IgM responses and natural killer cell activity, indicating that exposure to this dust, under conditions similar to our design, could affect these responses. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.