Approaches for estimating prevalence ratios
Approaches for estimating prevalence ratios
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DOI：
10.1136/oem.2007.034777
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Petersen, M. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deddens, J. A.;Petersen, M. R.
最近，人们对估计患病率（风险，比例或概率）比而不是比值比很感兴趣，特别是在涉及常见结果的职业健康研究中（例如，患病率高于10%）。例如，如果100名暴露受试者中有80名患有特定疾病，100名未暴露受试者中有50名患有该疾病，则比值比（OR）为（80/20）/（50/50）= 4。然而，患病率比（PR）为（80/100）/（50/100）= 1.6。后者表明，受辐射的受试者患病的可能性仅为未受辐射的受试者的1.6倍，这是大多数人感兴趣的数字。关于OR与PR的优缺点，有相当多的文献（见Greenland，1 Stromberg，2 Axelson et al 3等）。在这篇文章中，我们将回顾现有的方法，并给出如何估计PR的例子和建议。
Recently there has been much interest in estimating the prevalence (risk, proportion or probability) ratio instead of the odds ratio, especially in occupational health studies involving common outcomes (for example, with prevalence rates above 10%). For example, if 80 out of 100 exposed subjects have a particular disease and 50 out of 100 non-exposed subjects have the disease, then the odds ratio (OR) is (80/20)/(50/50)= 4. However, the prevalence ratio (PR) is (80/100)/(50/100)= 1.6. The latter indicates that the exposed subjects are only 1.6 times as likely to have the disease as the non-exposed subjects, and this is the number in which most people would be interested. There is considerable literature on the advantages and disadvantages of OR versus PR (see Greenland, 1 Stromberg, 2 Axelson et al3 and others). In this article we will review the existing methods and give examples and recommendations on how to estimate the PR.