Decomposition of cellulose by Cytophaga. I.
Decomposition of cellulose by Cytophaga. I.
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DOI：
10.1042/bj0320031
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发表时间：
1938
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ernest Walker;Frederick Lloyd Warren
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ernest Walker;Frederick Lloyd Warren
生物体的鉴别我们从当地土壤中分离出所用的生物体，并按照哈钦森和克莱顿描述的方法进行纯化，该方法是一种稀释法，并按照Winogradsky [1929]的方法，通过在硅胶盐介质中包埋划线滤纸进一步纯化。培养基的简单性（无机盐+纤维素）构成了对污染细菌生长的威慑。代谢产物也不易受到细菌的攻击。也许可以提到，我们的有机体已经在人工培养中保持了四年多。近年来，由于在这一领域工作的人所表达的意见分歧，精确鉴定生物体的问题变得更加困难。在一般特征上，我们的有机体类似于哈钦森和克莱顿所描述的，他们称之为S。cytophaga，虽然他们描述的球形形式似乎是缺席我们的文化。Winogradsky在一系列论文中，最终在一本综合性的回忆录（1929）中，不赞成哈钦森和克莱顿提出的生物体的生命周期，并声称有许多不同种类的纤维素分解生物。他研究了十几个不同的物种，并提出了三个新属，Cytophaga，（31）
Identity of organism The organism used was isolated by us from the local soil and purified after the manner described by Hutchinson & Clayton, which is a dilution method and was further purified by streaking filter paper embedded in silica-gelsalt medium, after the manner ofWinogradsky [1929]. The simplicityofthe medium (inorganic salts+ cellulose) constitutes a deterrent to the growth of contaminating bacteria. The metabolic products, too, are not readily susceptible to bacterial attack. It may perhaps be mentioned that our organism has been maintained in artificial culture for more than four years now. The problem of identifying the organism precisely has been renderedmore difficultby the divergences of opinion expressed by those who have worked in this field of late years. In general features our organism resembles that described by Hutchinson & Clayton and called by them S. cytophaga, although the coccoid form describedby them seems to be absent from our culture. Winogradsky in a series of papers culminating in a comprehensive memoir [1929] disapproves the life cycle proposed by Hutchinson & Clayton for their organism and claims that there are many different species of kindred cellulose-decomposing organisms. He examined some dozen different species and for classification purposes he proposed three new genera, Cytophaga,(31)