Epidemiology of alcohol and other drug use among American college students
Epidemiology of alcohol and other drug use among American college students
复制标题
DOI：
10.15288/jsas.2002.s14.23
复制
发表时间：
2002-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Johnston, LD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Malley, PM;Johnston, LD
目的：本文提供了美国大学生中酒精使用和其他药物使用程度的信息。方法：五个不同的数据来源进行检查，估计最近的水平，酒精（和其他药物）使用的大学生：哈佛公共卫生学院酒精研究（CAS），核心研究所（CORE），监测未来（MTF），全国大学生健康风险行为调查（NCHRBS）和全国家庭调查药物滥用（NHSDA），结果，酒精使用率是非常高的大学生。大约五分之二的美国大学生是重度饮酒者，定义为在过去两周内连续喝五杯或五杯以上。男生饮酒率高于女生。白色学生酗酒程度最高，黑人学生最低，西班牙裔学生居中。大学生饮酒的比例高于非大学生同龄人，但不包括香烟、大麻和可卡因。纵向数据显示，在高中阶段，继续上大学的学生酗酒的比例低于那些不上大学的学生。这两组人在高中毕业后都增加了酗酒，但大学生的增加明显更多，实际上超过了他们的同龄人。1980年至1999年的趋势数据显示，近年来略有改善。结论：尽管在过去的20年里有所改善，但大学需要做更多的工作来减少学生的重度饮酒。
Objective: This article provides information on the extent of alcohol use and other drug use among American college students. Method: Five different sources of data are examined for estimating recent levels of alcohol (and other drug) use among college students: Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study (CAS), the Core Institute (CORE), Monitoring the Future (MTF), National College Health Risk Behavior Survey (NCHRBS) and National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA), Results, Alcohol use rates are very high among college students. Approximately two of five American college students were heavy drinkers, defined as having had five or more drinks in a row in the past 2 weeks. Alcohol use is higher among male than female students. white students are highest in heavy drinking, black students are lowest and Hispanic students are intermediate. Use of alcohol-but not cigarettes, marijuana and cocaine-is higher among college students than among noncollege age-mates. Longitudinal data show that, while in high school, students who go on to attend college have lower rates of heavy drinking than do those who will not attend college. Both groups increase their heavy drinking after high school graduation, but the college students increase distinctly more and actually surpass their nonstudent age-mates. Trend data from 1980 to 1999 show some slight improvement in recent years. Conclusions, Despite improvements in the past 20 years, colleges need to do more to reduce heavy alcohol use among students.