Estimation of the reaction times in tasks of varying difficulty from the phase coherence of the auditory steady-state response using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis
Estimation of the reaction times in tasks of varying difficulty from the phase coherence of the auditory steady-state response using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis
复制标题
使用最小绝对收缩和选择算子分析，从听觉稳态响应的相位相干性估计不同难度任务中的反应时间
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
Y. Naruse
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作者：
Y. Yokota;Y. Igarashi;M. Okada;Y. Naruse
定量估计大脑中的工作负荷是帮助预测人类行为的重要因素。执行困难任务时的反应时间比执行简单任务时的反应时间长。因此，反应时间反映了大脑的工作负荷。在本研究中，我们采用了N-back任务，以调节任务的难度，然后估计反应时的大脑活动。我们用来估计反应时间的大脑活动是由40 Hz的点击声引起的听觉稳态反应（ASSR）。15名健康受试者参加了本研究，并使用148通道磁力计系统记录脑磁图（MEG）反应。最小绝对收缩和选择算子（LASSO），这是一种稀疏建模，估计反应时间从ASSR记录的MEG。结果表明，LASSO法的估计精度高于最小二乘法。该结果表明，LASSO克服了对学习数据的过拟合。此外，LASSO不仅选择了顶叶区域的通道，还选择了额叶和枕叶区域的通道。由于ASSR是由听觉刺激诱发的，所以它通常在顶叶区域较大。然而，由于LASSO也选择了顶骨区域以外的区域，这表明与工作负荷相关的神经活动发生在许多大脑区域。在真实的世界中，使用通道数量有限的可穿戴脑电图设备比使用MEG更实用。因此，确定哪些大脑区域应该被测量是至关重要的。通过稀疏建模方法选择的通道对于确定要测量哪些大脑区域是有用的。
Quantitative estimation of the workload in the brain is an important factor for helping to predict the behavior of humans. The reaction time when performing a difficult task is longer than that when performing an easy task. Thus, the reaction time reflects the workload in the brain. In this study, we employed an N-back task in order to regulate the degree of difficulty of the tasks, and then estimated the reaction times from the brain activity. The brain activity that we used to estimate the reaction time was the auditory steady-state response (ASSR) evoked by a 40-Hz click sound. Fifteen healthy participants participated in the present study and magnetoencephalogram (MEG) responses were recorded using a 148-channel magnetometer system. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), which is a type of sparse modeling, was employed to estimate the reaction times from the ASSR recorded by MEG. The LASSO showed higher estimation accuracy than the least squares method. This result indicates that LASSO overcame the over-fitting to the learning data. Furthermore, the LASSO selected channels in not only the parietal region, but also in the frontal and occipital regions. Since the ASSR is evoked by auditory stimuli, it is usually large in the parietal region. However, since LASSO also selected channels in regions outside the parietal region, this suggests that workload-related neural activity occurs in many brain regions. In the real world, it is more practical to use a wearable electroencephalography device with a limited number of channels than to use MEG. Therefore, determining which brain areas should be measured is essential. The channels selected by the sparse modeling method are informative for determining which brain areas to measure.