Impact of Land Use Changes and Habitat Fragmentation on the Eco-epidemiology of Tick-Borne Diseases
Impact of Land Use Changes and Habitat Fragmentation on the Eco-epidemiology of Tick-Borne Diseases
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DOI：
10.1093/jme/tjaa209
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发表时间：
2021-07-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Fernandez, Maria P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Diuk-Wasser, Maria A.;VanAcker, Meredith C.;Fernandez, Maria P.
壁虱传播疾病的发病率近几十年来有所增加，占欧洲、北美和亚洲温带地区媒介传播疾病病例的大部分。这种出现被归因于多重和交互的驱动因素，包括气候、土地利用、关键宿主的丰富程度的变化，以及影响人类接触受感染扁虱概率的人的行为。在这篇论坛论文中，我们聚焦于土地利用变化如何塑造由肩部硬蜱传播的病原体的生态流行病学，特别是美国东部的莱姆病螺旋体伯氏疏螺旋体。我们使用它作为一个模型系统，根据需要处理其他扁虱传播的疾病系统，以说明模式或过程。我们首先研究了土地利用如何与非生物条件(小气候)和生物因素(如宿主群落组成)相互作用来影响地方性危害，以感染伯氏假单胞菌的寻找宿主的肩峰若虫密度来衡量。然后，我们回顾了特定的景观结构，特别是森林碎片化，如何影响空间尺度和城市化水平上的地方性灾害和疾病风险的证据。我们强调，有必要根据壁虱和病原体的移动以及与人力资源供应有关的栖息地利用情况，动态地了解景观。我们提出了一个自然-人类系统耦合框架，该框架考虑了系统中的多重相互作用、非线性和反馈，并呼吁标准化方法和术语，以帮助整合在多个尺度上进行的研究。
The incidence of tick-borne diseases has increased in recent decades and accounts for the majority of vector-borne disease cases in temperate areas of Europe, North America, and Asia. This emergence has been attributed to multiple and interactive drivers including changes in climate, land use, abundance of key hosts, and people's behaviors affecting the probability of human exposure to infected ticks. In this forum paper, we focus on how land use changes have shaped the eco-epidemiology of Ixodes scapularis-borne pathogens, in particular the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto in the eastern United States. We use this as a model system, addressing other tick-borne disease systems as needed to illustrate patterns or processes. We first examine how land use interacts with abiotic conditions (microclimate) and biotic factors (e.g., host community composition) to influence the enzootic hazard, measured as the density of host-seeking I. scapularis nymphs infected with B. burgdorferi s.s. We then review the evidence of how specific landscape configuration, in particular forest fragmentation, influences the enzootic hazard and disease risk across spatial scales and urbanization levels. We emphasize the need for a dynamic understanding of landscapes based on tick and pathogen host movement and habitat use in relation to human resource provisioning. We propose a coupled natural-human systems framework for tick-borne diseases that accounts for the multiple interactions, nonlinearities and feedbacks in the system and conclude with a call for standardization of methodology and terminology to help integrate studies conducted at multiple scales.