TRANSPARENT TESTA 12 genes from Brassica napus and parental species: cloning, evolution, and differential involvement in yellow seed trait
TRANSPARENT TESTA 12 genes from Brassica napus and parental species: cloning, evolution, and differential involvement in yellow seed trait
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来自甘蓝型油菜和亲本物种的透明测试 12 基因：克隆、进化和黄色种子性状的差异参与
DOI：
10.1007/s00438-008-0399-1
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Chen, Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chai, You-Rong;Lei, Bo;Chen, Li
芸苔黄种子性状的分子解剖一直是深入研究的主题。拟南芥透明测试 12 (AtTT12) 编码参与种皮色素沉着的多药和有毒化合物挤出 (MATE) 转运蛋白。分别从甘蓝型油菜、甘蓝型甘蓝和白菜型白菜中分离出两个、一个和一个全长 TT12 基因，Southern 杂交证实了这些基因数量，这意味着芸苔属植物中一些三重 TT12 基因的丢失。 BnTT12-1、BnTT12-2、BoTT12 和 BrTT12 分别为 2,714、3,062、4,760 和 2,716 bp，最长 mRNA 分别为 1,749、1,711、1,739 和 1,752 bp。所有基因均含有替代转录起始位点和多聚腺苷酸化位点。 BrTT12 和 BoTT12 分别是 BnTT12-1 和 BnTT12-2 的祖先，验证了甘蓝型油菜是双二倍体。所有芸苔属 TT12 蛋白彼此之间以及与 AtTT12 (>92%) 均表现出高水平的同一性 (>99%)。芸苔属 TT12 基因在 MatE/NorM CD、亚细胞定位、跨膜螺旋和磷酸化位点等基本特征上与 AtTT12 相似。植物 TT12 直系同源物与其他 MATE 蛋白的不同之处在于两个特定基序。与 AtTT12 一样，所有芸苔属 TT12 基因在发育中的种子中表达最高。然而，观察到一系列器官特异性，其中 BnTT12 基因的器官特异性较低。 TT12 表达在白菜黄籽品系 06K124 中缺失，但在甘蓝黄籽品系 06K165 中不下调。在欧洲油菜黄籽品系L2中，BnTT12-2不表达，而BnTT12-1正常表达。在芸苔属物种中，TT12 基因与黄色种子性状存在差异相关。讨论了芸苔属黄色种子性状的分子基础，以及这些 TT12 基因高度可变的内含子 1 的理论和实践意义。
Molecular dissection of the Brassica yellow seed trait has been the subject of intense investigation. Arabidopsis thaliana TRANSPARENT TESTA 12 (AtTT12) encodes a multidrug and toxic compound extrusion ( MATE) transporter involved in seed coat pigmentation. Two, one, and one full-length TT12 genes were isolated from B. napus, B. oleracea, and B. rapa, respectively, and Southern hybridization confirmed these gene numbers, implying loss of some of the triplicated TT12 genes in Brassica. BnTT12-1, BnTT12-2, BoTT12, and BrTT12 are 2,714, 3,062, 4,760, and 2,716 bp, with the longest mRNAs of 1,749, 1,711, 1,739, and 1,752 bp, respectively. All genes contained alternative transcriptional start and polyadenylation sites. BrTT12 and BoTT12 are the progenitors of BnTT12-1 and BnTT12-2, respectively, validating B. napus as an amphidiploid. All Brassica TT12 proteins displayed high levels of identity (>99%) to each other and to AtTT12 (>92%). Brassica TT12 genes resembled AtTT12 in such basic features as MatE/NorM CDs, subcellular localization, transmembrane helices, and phosphorylation sites. Plant TT12 orthologs differ from other MATE proteins by two specific motifs. Like AtTT12, all Brassica TT12 genes are most highly expressed in developing seeds. However, a range of organ specificity was observed with BnTT12 genes being less organ-specific. TT12 expression is absent in B. rapa yellow-seeded line 06K124, but not downregulated in B. oleracea yellow-seeded line 06K165. In B. napus yellow-seeded line L2, BnTT12-2 expression is absent, whereas BnTT12-1 is expressed normally. Among Brassica species, TT12 genes are differentially related to the yellow seed trait. The molecular basis for the yellow seed trait, in Brassica, and the theoretical and practical implications of the highly variable intron 1 of these TT12 genes are discussed.