Social stratification in meaningful work: Occupational class disparities in the United Kingdom.
Social stratification in meaningful work: Occupational class disparities in the United Kingdom.
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DOI：
10.1111/1468-4446.12941
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发表时间：
2022-06
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Zhou, Ying
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Williams, Mark;Gifford, Jonny;Zhou, Ying
社会学家长期以来一直对工人从工作中获得的意义感兴趣。近年来，这个问题以“有意义的工作”的概念引起了越来越多的学术和政策关注，但人们对社会分层与获得它的机会之间的关系却知之甚少。本文通过对英国 14,000 名在职成年人进行的全国调查，探讨工作的意义（根据现任者的评价）如何在不同阶层和职业之间进行分层，从而解决了这个问题。研究发现，不同阶层之间存在适度的差异，从事日常工作和手工职业的人报告的意义水平最低，而从事管理和专业职业、小雇主和个体工人的意义水平最高。详细的工作属性（例如工作复杂性和发展机会）解释了类别和职业之间意义的大部分差异，以及意义的总体差异。主要的例外是工人认为自己的工作对社会有多大用处的具体情况：少数涉及健康、社会关怀和跨阶级保护服务的职业从所有其他职业中脱颖而出。该论文的结论是，有意义的工作中阶级和职业之间的适度分层很大程度上是由于潜在工作复杂性和发展机会的差异造成的。工作的这些方面可以在多大程度上得到改善，从而提高其意义，特别是在日常和体力劳动中，是一个开放但紧迫的问题。
Sociologists have long been interested in the meaning workers derive from their jobs. The issue has garnered increasing academic and policy attention in recent years with the concept of “meaningful work,” yet little is known about how social stratification relates to access to it. This paper addresses this issue by exploring how the meaningfulness of jobs—as rated by their incumbents—is stratified across classes and occupations in a national survey of 14,000 working adults in the United Kingdom. It finds modest differentials between classes, with those in routine and manual occupations reporting the lowest levels of meaningfulness and those in managerial and professional occupations and small employers and own account workers reporting the highest levels. Detailed job attributes (e.g., job complexity and development opportunities) explain much of the differences in meaningfulness between classes and occupations, and much of the overall variance in meaningfulness. The main exception is the specific case of how useful workers perceive their jobs to be for society: A handful of occupations relating to health, social care, and protective services which cut across classes stand out from all other occupations. The paper concludes that the modest stratification between classes and occupations in meaningful work is largely due to disparities in underlying job complexity and development opportunities. The extent to which these aspects of work can be improved, and so meaningfulness, especially in routine and manual occupations, is an open, yet urgent, question.
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影响因子：
3
作者：
Lips-Wiersma, Marjolein;Wright, Sarah;Dik, Bryan
通讯作者：
Dik, Bryan
DOI：
10.1177/073088847800500401
发表时间：
1978-01-01
期刊：
SOCIOLOGY OF WORK AND OCCUPATIONS
影响因子：
--
作者：
KALLEBERG, AL;GRIFFIN, LJ
通讯作者：
GRIFFIN, LJ
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Michaelson, Christopher;Pratt, Michael G.;Dunn, Craig P.
通讯作者：
Dunn, Craig P.
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Martela, Frank;Steger, Michael F.
通讯作者：
Steger, Michael F.
DOI：
10.1177/0950017020952662
发表时间：
2021-10-01
期刊：
Work, employment & society : a journal of the British Sociological Association
影响因子：
--
作者：
Seeman M;Merkin SS;Karlamangla A;Koretz B;Grzywacz JG;Lachman M;Seeman T
通讯作者：
Seeman T