Semantic Advantage for Learning New Phonological Form Representations
Semantic Advantage for Learning New Phonological Form Representations
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_00730
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Rastle, Kathleen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hawkins, Erin;Astle, Duncan E.;Rastle, Kathleen
学习一个新单词需要区分一个新的发音序列和相似的已知单词。我们研究了语义信息是否有助于成人获得新的语音表征，以及这种学习增强是否通过夜间巩固而调节。参与者学习了与视觉参照物一致或没有一致含义的新颖口语单词。一项听觉古怪的任务测试了这些新学习的语音形式与已知单词的区别。MMN是一种听觉辨别的电生理测量方法，它只对具有一致语义关联的单词学习产生。训练后，这种对听觉辨别的语义益处与外显的联想学习有关，语义学习能力强的参与者表现出更大的MMN。然而，尽管在巩固后，与语义相关的单词仍然表现出比非相关单词更大的听觉辨别，但MMN不再与学习语义关联的表现相关。我们认为，语义系统的提供直接影响到新的语音表征的发展，一段时间的离线巩固可能会促进这些表征的抽象。
Learning a new word requires discrimination between a novel sequence of sounds and similar known words. We investigated whether semantic information facilitates the acquisition of new phonological representations in adults and whether this learning enhancement is modulated by overnight consolidation. Participants learned novel spoken words either consistently associated with a visual referent or with no consistent meaning. An auditory oddball task tested discrimination of these newly learned phonological forms from known words. The MMN, an electrophysiological measure of auditory discrimination, was only elicited for words learned with a consistent semantic association. Immediately after training, this semantic benefit on auditory discrimination was linked to explicit learning of the associations, where participants with greater semantic learning exhibited a larger MMN. However, although the semantic-associated words continued to show greater auditory discrimination than nonassociated words after consolidation, the MMN was no longer related to performance in learning the semantic associations. We suggest that the provision of semantic systematicity directly impacts upon the development of new phonological representations and that a period of offline consolidation may promote the abstraction of these representations.