Life-Cycle Performance Analysis and Optimization
Life-Cycle Performance Analysis and Optimization
复制标题
生命周期性能分析和优化
DOI：
10.1201/b16467-19
复制
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sunyong Kim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Frangopol;Sunyong Kim
改善老化桥梁的状况和安全性通常需要大量的投资。根据ASCE（2009），美国超过26%的桥梁存在结构缺陷，在未来50年内，每年需要170亿美元（以2006年美元计）的投资来消除所有现有的和正在出现的桥梁缺陷。桥梁管理者通常面临的问题是，如何以经济有效的方式分配有限的财政资源，以维持日益恶化的桥梁的适当功能（Liu和Fran gopol，2005 a）。桥梁寿命周期分析是桥梁结构在延长使用寿命的同时，最大限度地提高桥梁的经济效益和安全性的重要手段。因此，了解生命周期分析是必要的和必不可少的桥梁工程师和管理人员。本章介绍桥梁寿命周期性能分析和优化的一般概念。为了理解结构性能预测的寿命周期分析下的不确定性，关键恶化机制的桥梁，如腐蚀和疲劳，和可靠性的概念进行了讨论。此外，检查，监测和维护对桥梁寿命周期性能的影响。考虑到这些影响，寿命周期优化的几种方法，包括最佳的检查和维修计划。还提供了使用多目标优化的优化管理的一般概念及其应用。18
Improving the condition and safety of deteriorating bridges usually requires large amount of investments. According to ASCE (2009), more than 26% of the bridges in the United States are structurally deficient, and $17 billion (in 2006 dollars) annual investments are is required over the next 50 years to eliminate all existing and arising bridge deficiencies over this time interval. Bridge managers are usually faced with the problem of allocating limited financial resources in a cost-effective manner to maintain adequate functionality of deteriorating bridges (Liu and Fran gopol 2005a). Life-cycle analysis has been well recognized as a significant tool to maximize the cost-effectiveness of improving bridge condition and safety in addition to extending service life. Therefore, understanding of life-cycle analysis is necessary and essential for bridge engineers and managers. This chapter presents general concepts of bridge life-cycle performance analysis and optimization. To understand the structural performance prediction for life-cycle analysis under uncertainty, critical deterioration mechanisms for bridges, such as corrosion and fatigue, and reliability concepts are discussed. Furthermore, effects of inspection, monitoring, and maintenance on bridge life-cycle performance are presented. Considering these effects, several approaches for life-cycle optimization including optimum inspection and maintenance planning are introduced. General concepts of optimal management using multiobjective optimization and their applications are also provided. 18