The dorsal stream contribution to phonological retrieval in object naming
The dorsal stream contribution to phonological retrieval in object naming
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DOI：
10.1093/brain/aws300
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14.5
通讯作者：
Coslett, H. Branch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schwartz, Myrna F.;Faseyitan, Olufunsho;Coslett, H. Branch
有意义的言语，如物体命名，需要对词义和音位形式之间的映射的知识。命名中的语音错误（例如GHOST被命名为“goath”）常见于中风后持续的失语症，被认为是语音形式信息检索障碍的信号。我们对106名不同失语症患者的1718个语音命名错误进行了基于体素的损伤症状映射分析。损伤状态与定位于背流区域的语音错误率相关的体素，与经典和现代脑语言模型保持一致。在背侧流中，关键体素集中在运动前皮层、中央前、后回和边缘上回，并很少延伸到与听觉相关的后颞叶和颞顶叶皮层。这挑战了一种流行的观念，即无错误的语音检索需要存储在后听觉区域的感觉痕迹的指导，而不是指向位于背流更前方的感觉运动过程。在另一项单独的分析中，我们比较了语音和语义错误的损伤图，并确定没有空间重叠，这表明大脑在单词生成中分离了语音和语义检索操作。
Meaningful speech, as exemplified in object naming, calls on knowledge of the mappings between word meanings and phonological forms. Phonological errors in naming (e.g. GHOST named as 'goath') are commonly seen in persisting post-stroke aphasia and are thought to signal impairment in retrieval of phonological form information. We performed a voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping analysis of 1718 phonological naming errors collected from 106 individuals with diverse profiles of aphasia. Voxels in which lesion status correlated with phonological error rates localized to dorsal stream areas, in keeping with classical and contemporary brain-language models. Within the dorsal stream, the critical voxels were concentrated in premotor cortex, pre- and postcentral gyri and supramarginal gyrus with minimal extension into auditory-related posterior temporal and temporo-parietal cortices. This challenges the popular notion that error-free phonological retrieval requires guidance from sensory traces stored in posterior auditory regions and points instead to sensory-motor processes located further anterior in the dorsal stream. In a separate analysis, we compared the lesion maps for phonological and semantic errors and determined that there was no spatial overlap, demonstrating that the brain segregates phonological and semantic retrieval operations in word production.