The Emergence of Mesolithic Cemeteries in SW Europe: Insights from the El Collado (Oliva, Valencia, Spain) Radiocarbon Record
The Emergence of Mesolithic Cemeteries in SW Europe: Insights from the El Collado (Oliva, Valencia, Spain) Radiocarbon Record
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欧洲西南部中石器时代墓地的出现：El Collado（西班牙巴伦西亚奥利瓦）放射性碳记录的见解
作者：
J. Gibaja;M. E. Subirà;X. Terradas;F. Santos;L. Agulló;I. Gómez;F. Allièse;Javier Fernández
埃尔科拉多位于伊比利亚地中海沿岸，是一个露天遗址，在1987年和1988年的两个季节里进行了救援挖掘。考古工作挖掘了143平方米的面积，发现了14个墓葬，提供了15个人的骨骼遗骸。通过对人骨的直接测年，我们获得了15个个体中10个个体的AMS年龄。校准日期的概率分布范围表明，墓地在很长一段时间内被使用（781-1020年，概率为95.4%）。新的日期因此将墓地的年代文化归属从中石器时代晚期的最初建议推迟到中石器时代早期的更老日期。因此，埃尔科拉多成为伊比利亚半岛已知最古老的墓地，早于大西洋立面上记录的众多中石器时代墓葬环境，例如穆格和萨多河口的葡萄牙贝壳贝冢或北方伊比利亚海岸的墓地。
Located on the Iberian Mediterranean coast, El Collado is an open-air site where a rescue excavation was conducted over two seasons in 1987 and 1988. The archaeological work excavated a surface area of 143m2 where 14 burials were discovered, providing skeletal remains from 15 individuals. We have obtained AMS dates for 10 of the 15 individuals by means of the direct dating of human bones. The ranges of the probability distribution of the calibrated dates suggest that the cemetery was used during a long period of time (781–1020 years at a probability of 95.4%). The new dates consequently set back the chrono-cultural attribution of the cemetery from the initial proposal of Late Mesolithic to an older date in the Early Mesolithic. Therefore, El Collado becomes the oldest known cemetery in the Iberian Peninsula, earlier than the numerous Mesolithic funerary contexts documented on the Atlantic façade such as the Portuguese shell-middens in the Muge and Sado Estuaries or the funerary sites on the northern Iberian coast.