On van der Waals friction between half-spaces at low temperature
On van der Waals friction between half-spaces at low temperature
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低温下半空间间的范德华摩擦力
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
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通讯作者：
G. Barton
中科院分区：
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作者：
G. Barton
我们确定，在货车德瓦耳斯制度（忽略延迟和相对论效应），摩擦功率损耗P和阻力F = P/u之间的德鲁德模型的半空间，表面等离子体频率ωS和实际弱耗散，由一个宽度为λ的间隙，并限制到均匀平行运动与相对速度u。计算只使用非相对论量子力学的教科书级绝热和微扰方法。初始温度取为低。在严格零度下，当时P与u4/ζ6成正比，当时P与1/uζ成正比。但在固定的非零τ下，当v从零开始上升时，P首先由一个与温度成正比的分量支配，该分量与u2 T2/μ 4成正比。该模型关于半空间的假设是满足大多数量子电动力学为基础的方法，其结果在nonretarded限制，因此应该是相同的，我们的。我们还发现，摩擦引起的能量增量的频率分布不是热的，这表明在这方面的Huttner-Barnett理论（我们用来描述耗散材料）需要进一步完善。
We determine, in the van der Waals regime (neglecting retardation and relativistic effects), the frictional power loss P and the drag force F = P/u per unit area between two Drude-modelled half-spaces, with surface plasmon frequency ωS and realistically weak dissipation, separated by a gap of width ζ, and constrained to uniform parallel motion with relative speed u. The calculation uses only textbook-level adiabatic and perturbative methods of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. The initial temperature is taken to be low, with . At strictly zero temperature, P is proportional to u4/ζ6 when , and to 1/uζ when . But at fixed nonzero τ, as v rises from zero, P is at first dominated by a temperature-dependent component proportional to u2T2/ζ4. The assumptions of the model as regards the half-spaces are satisfied by most quantum-electrodynamics-based approaches, whose results in the nonretarded limit should therefore be the same as ours. We also find that the frequency distribution of the friction-induced energy increments is not thermal, suggesting that in this respect the Huttner–Barnett theory (which we use to describe dissipative materials) needs further refinement.