mRNA modifications: Dynamic regulators of gene expression?
mRNA modifications: Dynamic regulators of gene expression?
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DOI：
10.1080/15476286.2016.1203504
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发表时间：
2016-09
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Erlacher MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoernes TP;Hüttenhofer A;Erlacher MD
基因的表达是一个严格调控的过程，由无数不同的机制发挥作用。最近，位于mRNAs编码序列中的RNA修饰已被确定为潜在的基因表达调节因子。在mRNAs的开放阅读框中发现了N6-甲基腺苷(M6A)、5-甲基胞嘧啶(M5C)、假尿苷(Ψ)和N1-甲基腺苷(M1a)。这些信使核糖核酸修饰的存在被认为调节了信使核糖核酸的命运，从成熟到翻译，甚至降解。然而，关于mRNA修饰的生物学功能的许多方面仍然难以捉摸。最近，系统的体外研究首次揭示了mRNA修饰和核糖体翻译的效率和保真度之间的直接相互作用。因此，很明显，根据类型、位置或序列背景，mRNA修饰的影响是令人惊讶的多种多样的。单一修饰的加入可能会过早终止蛋白质合成，降低多肽产量，或者改变氨基酸序列的同一性。这些结果表明，mRNA修饰是转录后调控基因表达的一种强有力的机制。
The expression of a gene is a tightly regulated process and is exerted by a myriad of different mechanisms. Recently, RNA modifications located in coding sequences of mRNAs, have been identified as potential regulators of gene expression. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), pseudouridine (Ψ) and N1-methyladenosine (m1A) have been found within open reading frames of mRNAs. The presence of these mRNA modifications has been implicated to modulate the fate of an mRNA, ranging from maturation to its translation and even degradation. However, many aspects concerning the biological functions of mRNA modifications remain elusive. Recently, systematic in vitro studies allowed a first glimpse of the direct interplay of mRNA modifications and the efficiency and fidelity of ribosomal translation. It thereby became evident that the effects of mRNA modifications were, astonishingly versatile, depending on the type, position or sequence context. The incorporation of a single modification could either prematurely terminate protein synthesis, reduce the peptide yield or alter the amino acid sequence identity. These results implicate that mRNA modifications are a powerful mechanism to post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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