Rare dental trait provides morphological evidence of archaic introgression in Asian fossil record
Rare dental trait provides morphological evidence of archaic introgression in Asian fossil record
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1907557116
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发表时间：
2019-07-23
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Anton, Susan C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bailey, Shara E.;Hublin, Jean-Jacques;Anton, Susan C.
中国夏河新近发现的丹尼索瓦半颚类[F. Chen等人，（2019）Nature 569，409-412]，具有不寻常的牙齿功能：3根的下第二磨牙。临床和生物考古学文献的调查表明，3根下臼齿在非亚洲智人中是罕见的（发生率低于3.5%）。相比之下，在中国和新大陆，它在亚洲来源的人群中的存在可能超过40%。长期以来，人们一直认为亚洲人下臼齿的三根性是在人类起源和传播之后才获得的。智人然而，在这个160，000年前的古人类化石中存在一个3根的下第二磨牙，这表明该特征更古老。重要的是，它还提供了形态学证据，表明古代和现代亚洲人之间存在着密切的联系。智人种群。这一联系提供了令人信服的证据，表明现代亚洲血统通过基因渗入从丹尼索瓦人获得了3根下臼齿。
The recently described Denisovan hemimandible from Xiahe, China [F. Chen et al., (2019) Nature 569, 409-412], possesses an unusual dental feature: a 3-rooted lower second molar. A survey of the clinical and bioarchaeological literature demonstrates that the 3-rooted lower molar is rare (less than 3.5% occurrence) in non-Asian Homo sapiens. In contrast, its presence in Asian-derived populations can exceed 40% in China and the New World. It has long been thought that the prevalence of 3-rooted lower molars in Asia is a relatively late acquisition occurring well after the origin and dispersal of H. sapiens. However, the presence of a 3-rooted lower second molar in this 160,000-y-old fossil hominin suggests greater antiquity for the trait. Importantly, it also provides morphological evidence of a strong link between archaic and recent Asian H. sapiens populations. This link provides compelling evidence that modern Asian lineages acquired the 3-rooted lower molar via introgression from Denisovans.