Unlike adults, children and adolescents show predominantly increased neural activation to social exclusion by members of the opposite gender.
Unlike adults, children and adolescents show predominantly increased neural activation to social exclusion by members of the opposite gender.
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DOI：
10.1080/17470919.2015.1117019
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发表时间：
2016-10
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Vander Wyk BC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bolling DZ;Pelphrey KA;Vander Wyk BC
在成年人中研究了群体成员对大脑对社会排斥反应的影响，揭示了更大的前扣带反应，以排除一个人的群体成员（例如同性）。然而，社会排斥是青少年同伴关系的一个重要方面，在青少年时期达到高度突出，此时社交焦虑症也会出现。虽然青少年社会排斥的行为和神经相关性已被广泛探讨，但群体成员身份对同伴排斥的影响尚不清楚。目前的研究使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）来研究在在线掷球游戏中被同性与异性同伴排斥的差异神经相关性。参与者是一组发育正常的儿童和青少年（7-17岁）。正如预测的那样，前扣带皮层显示出社会排斥与公平竞争的主要影响。然而，与之前的成人研究不同，该区域并未显示出对同性排斥的激活增加。相反，区分同性排斥与异性排斥的几个地区对异性排斥更敏感。这些结果进行了讨论的青少年社会情感发展的背景下。
The effects of group membership on brain responses to social exclusion have been investigated in adults, revealing greater anterior cingulate responses to exclusion by members of one’s in-group (e.g. same-gender). However, social exclusion is a critical aspect of peer relations in youth and reaches heightened salience during adolescence, a time when social anxiety disorders are also emergent. While the behavioral and neural correlates of social exclusion in adolescence have been extensively explored, the effects of group membership on peer rejection are less clear. The current study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the differential neural correlates of being excluded by peers of one’s same-versus opposite-gender during an online ball-toss game. Participants were a group of typically developing children and adolescents (7–17 years). As predicted, anterior cingulate cortex showed a main effect of social exclusion versus fair play. However, unlike a previous adult study, this region did not show increased activation to same-gender exclusion. Instead, several regions differentiating same-versus opposite-gender exclusion were exclusively more sensitive to exclusion by one’s opposite gender. These results are discussed in the context of adolescent socioemotional development.