Identification and characterization of an Aspergillus fumigatus "supermater" pair.
Identification and characterization of an Aspergillus fumigatus "supermater" pair.
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.00234-11
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Kwon-Chung KJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sugui JA;Losada L;Wang W;Varga J;Ngamskulrungroj P;Abu-Asab M;Chang YC;O'Gorman CM;Wickes BL;Nierman WC;Dyer PS;Kwon-Chung KJ
分析了50株临床和环境来源的烟曲霉菌株的交配效率。40个分离株在4周内完成了性周期，具有指定为高、中或低的可变生育水平。选择两个表现出最高繁殖力的相反交配型菌株AFB 62（MAT 1 -1）和AFIR 928（MAT 1 -2）作为超母对，AFB 62（MAT 1 -1）分离自侵袭性曲霉病病例，AFIR 928（MAT 1 -2）分离自环境。从两个菌株的杂交中获得的单个闭囊霉至少含有1 × 104个子囊孢子。随着子实体年龄的增长，子囊孢子的生活力也在增加，4周时为17%，20周时达到95%。AFB 62和AFIR 928在两种不同的小鼠模型中具有相同的毒性，尽管它们的来源不同。以与之紧密连锁的基因alb 1（AFUA_2G17600）和abr 2（AFUA_2G17530）为遗传标记时，观察到较高的重组率。比较基因组杂交分析显示，只有86个基因（约。0.86%的基因组）在AFB 62和AFIR 928之间显著分化。AFB 62和AFIR 928交配对在相对较短的时间内具有高繁殖力，加上高毒力和高重组频率，表明AFB 62和AFIR 928为烟曲霉的遗传研究提供了绝佳的工具。烟曲霉是一种异宗配合的真菌病原体，在免疫功能低下的宿主中引起危及生命的感染。虽然异宗配合有利于通过重组分析进行遗传研究，但以前的工作表明，该物种完成有性生殖需要6个月的潜伏期。如此长的潜伏期阻碍了基因研究的进展。为了发现一个高度肥沃的（supermater）对，可以在相当短的时间内完成性周期，我们筛选了50个菌株收集来自不同的地理区域的交配效率。我们发现了一对高毒性的超级母体，这对母体可以成为遗传研究的宝贵工具。 烟曲霉是一种异宗配合的真菌病原体，在免疫功能低下的宿主中引起危及生命的感染。虽然异宗配合有利于通过重组分析进行遗传研究，但以前的工作表明，该物种完成有性生殖需要6个月的潜伏期。如此长的潜伏期阻碍了基因研究的进展。为了发现一个高度肥沃的（supermater）对，可以在相当短的时间内完成性周期，我们筛选了50个菌株收集来自不同的地理区域的交配效率。我们发现了一对高毒性的超级母体，这对母体可以成为遗传研究的宝贵工具。
The mating efficiency of 50 Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from both clinical and environmental sources was analyzed. Forty isolates completed the sexual cycle in 4 weeks with variable levels of fertility designated high, medium, or low. Two opposite-mating-type strains exhibiting the highest fertility, AFB62 (MAT1-1), isolated from a case of invasive aspergillosis, and AFIR928 (MAT1-2), isolated from the environment, were chosen as the supermater pair. Single cleistothecia obtained from a cross of the two strains harbored a minimum of 1 × 104 ascospores. The viability of ascospores increased with the age of the fruiting body, 17% at 4 weeks and reaching 95% at 20 weeks. AFB62 and AFIR928 were equally virulent in two different murine models, despite differences in their sources. High recombination frequencies were observed when the closely linked genes alb1 (AFUA_2G17600) and abr2 (AFUA_2G17530) were used as genetic markers. Comparative genome hybridization analyses revealed that only 86 genes (ca. 0.86% of the genome) are significantly diverged between AFB62 and AFIR928. The high fertility in a relatively short period, combined with a high degree of virulence and a high recombination frequency, demonstrates that the mating pair AFB62 and AFIR928 provides an excellent tool for genetic studies of A. fumigatus. Importance Aspergillus fumigatus is a heterothallic fungal pathogen that causes life-threatening infections in immunocompromised hosts. Although heterothallism facilitates genetic study via recombinational analysis, previous work showed that a 6-month incubation period is required for the completion of sexual reproduction in this species. Such a long incubation period impedes progress in genetic research. To discover a highly fertile (supermater) pair that can complete the sexual cycle in a considerably shorter period, we screened 50 strains collected from various geographic regions for mating efficiency. We identified a highly virulent pair of supermaters that can be an invaluable tool for genetic study. Aspergillus fumigatus is a heterothallic fungal pathogen that causes life-threatening infections in immunocompromised hosts. Although heterothallism facilitates genetic study via recombinational analysis, previous work showed that a 6-month incubation period is required for the completion of sexual reproduction in this species. Such a long incubation period impedes progress in genetic research. To discover a highly fertile (supermater) pair that can complete the sexual cycle in a considerably shorter period, we screened 50 strains collected from various geographic regions for mating efficiency. We identified a highly virulent pair of supermaters that can be an invaluable tool for genetic study.