An obligate pollination mutualism and reciprocal diversification in the tree genus Glochidion (Euphorbiaceae)
An obligate pollination mutualism and reciprocal diversification in the tree genus Glochidion (Euphorbiaceae)
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0837153100
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发表时间：
2003-04-29
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Kawakita, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kato, M;Takimura, A;Kawakita, A
仅在榕属（桑科）和丝兰属（龙舌兰科）这两个植物属中已知高度协同进化的授粉互利共生以及相互多样化，这两个属分别仅由专性种子寄生黄蜂和飞蛾授粉。这里还介绍了雌雄同株树属（大戟科）和蛾属（江蓠科）之间另一种高度多样化、物种特异性的授粉互利关系。夜间，小雌蛾主动用喙将花粉沉积在雌花隐秘的柱头上，然后产卵到花柱内。蛾幼虫仅侵染果实内正在发育的种子的一部分。我们证实，至少有 3 种钩齿蝠物种仅由各自的种子寄生蛾物种授粉，这可以通过生殖器形态和线粒体 DNA 序列来区分。这些结果和与钩齿蝠物种相关的飞蛾有限种子侵染的广泛证据表明，基于高度特化的钩齿蝠花柱结构和蛾产卵行为的物种形成促进了钩齿蝠及其传粉者的物种多样化。
Highly coevolved pollination mutualism accompanied by reciprocal diversification has been known in only two plant genera, Ficus (Moraceae) and Yucca (Agavaceae), which are pollinated exclusively by obligate seed-parasitic wasps and moths, respectively. An additional, highly diversified, species-specific pollination mutualism between a monoecious tree genus, Glochidion (Euphorbiaceae), and a moth genus, Epicephala (Gracillariidae), is presented here. At night, the small female moth actively deposits pollen on the cryptic stigma of the female flower by using its proboscis, then oviposits into the style. The moth larva infests only a portion of the developing seeds within fruit. We confirmed that at least three Glochidion species are pollinated only by their respective seed-parasitic moth species, which could be distinguished by genitailic morphology and mitochondrial DNA sequences. These results and widespread evidence of limited seed infestation by the moths associated with Glochidion species suggest that speciation based on the highly specialized Glochidion stylar structure and moth oviposition behavior have promoted species diversification in Glochidion and its pollinators.