Magnetic resonance imaging of the upper airway structure of children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Magnetic resonance imaging of the upper airway structure of children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
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DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm.164.4.2101127
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发表时间：
2001-08-15
影响因子：
24.7
通讯作者：
Pack, AI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arens, R;McDonough, JM;Pack, AI
淋巴组织、骨组织和其他影响阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）患儿上气道形状的组织之间的解剖关系尚未确定。因此，我们比较了18名患有OSAS（年龄4.8 ± 2.1岁; 12名男性和6名女性）和呼吸暂停指数为4.3 ± 3.9的幼儿的上气道结构，以及18名匹配的对照组（年龄4.9 ± 2.0岁; 12名男性和6名女性）。所有受试者均在镇静状态下接受磁共振成像。获得轴位和矢状位T1和T2加权序列。用图像处理软件分析图像以获得上气道和包括气道的组织的线性、面积和体积测量。与对照组相比，OSAS患者的上气道容积较小（1.5 +/- 0.8 vs 2.5 +/- 1.2 cm（3）; P < 0.005），腺样体和扁桃体较大（9.9 +/- 3.9和9.1 +/- 2.9 cm（3）对比6.4 +/- 2.3和5.8 +/- 2.2 cm（3）; p < 0.005和p < 0.0005）。两组患者的下颌骨和舌头的宽度相似;然而，OSAS患者的软腭更大（3.5 +/- 1.1对2.7 +/- 1.2 cm（3）; p < 0.05）。我们的结论是，在中度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的儿童，上呼吸道受到腺样体和扁桃体的限制;然而，在这一组中，软腭也更大，增加了进一步的限制。
The anatomical relationships between lymphoid, bony, and other tissues affecting the shape of the upper airway in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) have not been established. We therefore compared the upper airway structure in 18 young children with OSAS (age 4.8 +/- 2.1 yr; 12 males and 6 females) and an apnea index of 4.3 +/- 3.9, with 18 matched control subjects (age, 4.9 +/- 2.0 yr; 12 males and 6 females). All subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging under sedation. Axial and sagittal T1- and T2-weighted sequences were obtained. Images were analyzed with image-processing software to obtain linear, area, and volumetric measurements of the upper airway and the tissues comprising the airway. The volume of the upper airway was smaller in subjects with OSAS in comparison with control subjects (1.5 +/- 0.8 versus 2.5 +/- 1.2 cm(3); p < 0.005) and the adenoid and tonsils were larger (9.9 +/- 3.9 and 9.1 +/- 2.9 cm(3) versus 6.4 +/- 2.3 and 5.8 +/- 2.2 cm(3); p < 0.005 and p < 0.0005, respectively). Volumes of the mandible and tongue were similar in both groups; however, the soft palate was larger in subjects with OSAS (3.5 +/- 1.1 versus 2.7 +/- 1.2 cm(3); p < 0.05). We conclude that in children with moderate OSAS, the upper airway is restricted both by the adenoid and tonsils; however, the soft palate is also larger in this group, adding further restriction.