Analytic Conditions for Energy Neutrality in Uniformly-Formed Wireless Sensor Networks
Analytic Conditions for Energy Neutrality in Uniformly-Formed Wireless Sensor Networks
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DOI：
10.1109/twc.2013.092013.121649
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发表时间：
2013-10
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Hana Besbes;G. Smart;D. Buranapanichkit;C. Kloukinas;Y. Andreopoulos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hana Besbes;G. Smart;D. Buranapanichkit;C. Kloukinas;Y. Andreopoulos
用于环境或事件监测的无线传感器网络（WSN）基础设施的未来部署预计将配备能量收集器（例如压电、热、光伏），以大幅提高其自主性。在本文中，我们推导出的条件，能源中立，即永久的能源自治，每个传感器节点，通过平衡节点的预期能源消耗与其预期的能量收集能力。我们的分析假设一个统一形成的无线传感器网络，即一个网络，包括相同的发射机传感器节点和相同的接收器/中继传感器节点与平衡的簇树拓扑结构。所提出的框架是参数化的：（i）网络激活的占空比;（ii）簇树拓扑的同一层中的节点的数量;（iii）收集数据的接收器节点的消耗率。（iv）表征每个节点的数据传输速率的边际概率密度函数（PDF）;（v）每个节点收集的预期能量量。基于我们的分析，我们得到了导致最小能量harvestingrequirements的无线传感器网络簇树拓扑结构的每一层的节点的数量。我们还推导出封闭形式的表达式的最小能量收集的要求之间的差异四个传输速率PDF的函数的WSN参数。我们的分析结果进行了验证，通过使用TelosB传感器节点和能量测量测试平台的实验。我们的框架是有用的无线传感器网络中的能量收集技术的可行性研究，并优化操作设置的分层基于无线传感器网络的监测基础设施之前，耗时的测试和部署的应用环境。
Future deployments of wireless sensor network (WSN) infrastructures for environmental or event monitoring are expected to be equipped with energy harvesters (e.g. piezoelectric, thermal, photovoltaic) in order to substantially increase their autonomy. In this paper we derive conditions for energy neutrality, i.e. perpetual energy autonomy per sensor node, by balancing the node's expected energy consumption with its expected energy harvesting capability. Our analysis assumes a uniformly-formed WSN, i.e. a network comprising identical transmitter sensor nodes and identical receiver/relay sensor nodes with a balanced cluster-tree topology. The proposed framework is parametric to: (i) the duty cycle for the network activation; (ii) the number of nodes in the same tier of the cluster-tree topology; (iii) the consumption rate of the receiver node(s) that collect (and possibly relay) data along with their own; (iv) the marginal probability density function (PDF) characterizing the data transmission rate per node; (v) the expected amount of energy harvested by each node. Based on our analysis, we obtain the number of nodes leading to the minimum energy harvestingrequirement for each tier of the WSN cluster-tree topology. We also derive closed-form expressions for the difference in the minimum energy harvesting requirements between four transmission rate PDFs in function of the WSN parameters. Our analytic results are validated via experiments using TelosB sensor nodes and an energy measurement testbed. Our framework is useful for feasibility studies on energy harvesting technologies in WSNs and for optimizing the operational settings of hierarchical WSN-based monitoring infrastructures prior to time-consuming testing and deployment within the application environment.