Special Adoption in Japan: Its Problems and Prospects

Special Adoption in Japan: Its Problems and Prospects
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日本的特殊收养:问题与前景

DOI:
10.1080/10926750802370775
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发表时间:
2008
期刊:
影响因子:
0.8
通讯作者:
Hayes P
Hayes P
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hayes P

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在日本,每年约有400名需要帮助的儿童被安置在“特别收养”中。收养人数不多,部分原因是文化倾向于从家庭血统的角度考虑收养问题,这不鼓励收养非亲属或“血统不好”的孩子。特别收养也受到家庭登记保密问题的限制,严重依赖机构照料,以及“理想儿童”概念的狭隘定义。日本收养服务的专业组织有限,使国家改革困难重重。然而,一些收养机构在当地作出努力,通过避免机构照料或协助保密来增加安置。还鼓励潜在的父母在试验安置中扩大他们对可接受的儿童的想法,一些儿童被安置在混合夫妇和外国居民那里。
About 400 children in need in Japan are placed in a “special adoption” each year. The modest numbers are partly the result of a cultural predisposition to think of adoption in terms of family lineage, which discourages the adoption of nonrelatives or children of “bad blood.” Special adoption is also limited by concerns over the confidentiality of family registers, by a heavy reliance on institutional care, and by a narrowly defined concept of an “ideal child.” The limited professional organization of adoption services in Japan makes national reform difficult. However, some adoption agencies have made local efforts to increase placements by avoiding institutional care or assisting in maintaining confidentiality. Potential parents have also been encouraged to extend their idea of an acceptable child in trial placements, and some children have been placed with mixed couples and foreign residents.
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