Possibilities for extremophilic microorganisms in microbial electrochemical systems.
Possibilities for extremophilic microorganisms in microbial electrochemical systems.
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DOI：
10.1093/femsre/fuv044
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发表时间：
2016-03
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
Sleutels TH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dopson M;Ni G;Sleutels TH
微生物电化学系统利用微生物的代谢来产生电能或有用的产物。在过去的几十年中，微生物电化学系统的应用已经从使用废水发电增加到一种多功能技术，该技术一方面可以使用许多来源来提取电子，而另一方面这些电子可以用于提供越来越多的功能。极端微生物生长在对大多数生命形式不利的环境中，它们在微生物电化学系统中的利用开辟了在阳极氧化底物并在阴极产生新产物的新可能性。例如，极端微生物可用于在酸性pH值下氧化硫化合物以修复废水，在低温下从海洋沉积物微生物燃料电池产生电能，淡化废水，并作为少量有机碳的生物传感器。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论在极端条件下使用微生物催化剂的最新进展，并显示可能的新途径，极端微生物开放的微生物电化学系统。这篇综述强调了使用微生物电化学系统来催化与能源或有价值资源的生产相结合的环境过程，以及如何利用极端微生物开辟了新的可能性，如对环境有害废物的生物修复。
Microbial electrochemical systems exploit the metabolism of microorganisms to generate electrical energy or a useful product. In the past couple of decades, the application of microbial electrochemical systems has increased from the use of wastewaters to produce electricity to a versatile technology that can use numerous sources for the extraction of electrons on the one hand, while on the other hand these electrons can be used to serve an ever increasing number of functions. Extremophilic microorganisms grow in environments that are hostile to most forms of life and their utilization in microbial electrochemical systems has opened new possibilities to oxidize substrates in the anode and produce novel products in the cathode. For example, extremophiles can be used to oxidize sulfur compounds in acidic pH to remediate wastewaters, generate electrical energy from marine sediment microbial fuel cells at low temperatures, desalinate wastewaters and act as biosensors of low amounts of organic carbon. In this review, we will discuss the recent advances that have been made in using microbial catalysts under extreme conditions and show possible new routes that extremophilic microorganisms open for microbial electrochemical systems. This review highlights the use of microbial electrochemical systems to catalyze environmental processes coupled to the production of energy or valuable resources and how utilizing extremophilic microorganisms opens up new possibilities such as bioremediation of environmentally hazardous wastes.