Levels, Temporal Trends, and Tissue Distribution of Perfluorinated Surfactants in Freshwater Fish from Asian Countries
Levels, Temporal Trends, and Tissue Distribution of Perfluorinated Surfactants in Freshwater Fish from Asian Countries
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DOI：
10.1007/s00244-011-9660-4
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Takada, Hideshige
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Murakami, Michio;Adachi, Nozomi;Takada, Hideshige
对亚洲淡水鱼类中的全氟表面活性剂 (PFS) 进行了分析，以调查其组织分布、时间趋势、污染程度以及通过食物摄入的 PFS 暴露水平。在日本、越南、印度、马来西亚和泰国采集了鲤鱼、黑鱼和鲶鱼等淡水鱼类，并通过液相色谱-串联质谱法对包括全氟辛烷磺酸盐（PFOS）和全氟辛酸盐在内的 10 种 PFS 进行了分析。东京鲤鱼的 PFS 更集中于肾脏（Sigma 10 PFS = 257 +/- 95 ng/g ww）和肝脏（119 +/- 36 ng/g ww），而不是卵巢（43 +/- 2 ng/g ww）和肌肉（24 +/- 17 ng/g ww）。鲤鱼肝脏和东京水域中的 PFOS 及其前体全氟辛基磺酰胺的浓度在过去十年中急剧下降，这可能是因为 3M 公司在 2000 年逐步停止生产基于全氟辛基磺酰氟的产品。相比之下，在多个国家和地区都发现了含有 >= 9 氟化碳的长链全氟羧酸盐 (PFCA) 的持续污染。媒体表明这些化合物仍在继续排放。亚洲热带国家淡水鱼类中的 PFS 浓度普遍低于日本等发达国家。例如，对于肌肉中的 PFOS，越南 < 0.05-0.3 ng/g ww；印度 < 0.05-0.2 纳克/克湿重；马来西亚 < 0.05-0.2 纳克/克湿重；泰国 < 0.05 纳克/克湿重；日本（东京）= 5.1-22 ng/g ww。每日摄入短链 PFCA
Perfluorinated surfactants (PFSs) in Asian freshwater fish species were analyzed to investigate tissue distribution, temporal trends, extent of pollution, and level of PFS exposure through food intake. Freshwater fish species, namely carp, snakehead, and catfish, were collected in Japan, Vietnam, India, Malaysia, and Thailand, and 10 PFSs, including perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate, were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. PFSs in carp in Tokyo were more concentrated in kidneys (Sigma 10 PFSs = 257 +/- 95 ng/g wet weight [ww]) and livers (119 +/- 36 ng/g ww) than in ovaries (43 +/- 2 ng/g ww) and muscles (24 +/- 17 ng/g ww). Concentrations of PFOS and its precursor, perfluorooctane sulfonamide, in livers of carp and in waters in Tokyo showed a dramatic decrease during the last decade, probably because of 3 M's phasing-out of the manufacture of perfluorooctanesulfonyl-fluoride-based products in 2000. In contrast, continuing contamination by long-chain perfluorocarboxylates (PFCAs) with >= 9 fluorinated carbons was seen in multiple media, suggesting that these compounds continue to be emitted. PFS concentrations in freshwater fish species in tropical Asian countries were generally lower than those in developed countries, such as Japan, e. g., for PFOS in muscle, Vietnam < 0.05-0.3 ng/g ww; India < 0.05-0.2 ng/g ww; Malaysia < 0.05-0.2 ng/g ww; Thailand < 0.05 ng/g ww; and Japan (Tokyo) = 5.1-22 ng/g ww. Daily intake of short-chain PFCAs with