Prediction of individuals with any psychiatric disorders and first- or second-degree relatives of individuals with psychiatric disorders among university students using schizotypal personality traits, autism-spectrum traits and emotional intelligence.
Prediction of individuals with any psychiatric disorders and first- or second-degree relatives of individuals with psychiatric disorders among university students using schizotypal personality traits, autism-spectrum traits and emotional intelligence.
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利用精神分裂型人格特征、自闭症谱系特征和情商来预测大学生中任何精神疾病患者以及精神疾病患者的一级或二级亲属。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103549
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shioiri T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sakaida Y;Ohi K;Fujikane D;Takai K;Kuramitsu A;Fujita K;Muto Y;Sugiyama S;Shioiri T
根据美国国家科摩罗调查（NCSA），在50%的普通人群中报告了至少一种终生精神障碍（PSY）（Kessler et al.，1994年）。此外，NCSA已经报道了PSY的大量家族聚集（Kendler等人，1997年）。在35%的学生中报告了至少一种常见的终身障碍（奥尔巴赫等人，2018年）。尽管在普通人群和大学生中精神病患者的患病率很高，但还没有确定如何预测患有任何PSY的个体以及这些个体的亲属在大学生中患有精神病患者。有几份调查问卷可以筛选出有这些精神病风险的人。在一般人群中，较高的典型人格特质分数、较高的自闭症谱系特质分数和较低的情商分数与精神病患者的风险相关（补充背景）。在这项研究中，我们调查了这些特征是否与精神病患者的诊断状态呈线性相关，精神病患者（FSR）和大学生（HC）的一级或二级亲属。接下来，我们调查了这些特征与诊断状态的相关性，并调查了哪些特征最能预测诊断状态。研究对象（n= 237）来自日本医学和护理专业的学生（补充方法）。如果个体患有可能影响中枢神经系统的神经或医学疾病，则将其从该分析中排除。根据自我报告，这些学生被分为三个诊断组，18名精神病患者，36名未受影响的一级或二级亲属（FSR）和183名健康对照（HC）（补充表1）。为了评估分裂型人格特质、自闭症谱系特质和情商，使用分裂型人格问卷（SPQ）（Raine，1991）、自闭症谱系商数（AQ）（Baron-Cohen et al.，2001）和特质情商问卷（TEIQue）（Arnold等人，2018年）已被使用。这些性状对诊断状态的影响进行了分析，使用线性回归诊断状态（PSYs，FSRs和HC）作为因变量和年龄，性别和地点校正这些性状作为自变量。使用Pearson r系数评估这些性状之间的相关性。显著性水平设定为双尾p< 0.017（α= 0.05/3;三个性状）。
At least one lifetime psychiatric disorder (PSY) has been reported among 50% of the general population by the National Comorbidity Survey of America (NCSA)(Kessler et al., 1994). Furthermore, the NCSA has reported substantial familial aggregations of PSY (Kendler et al., 1997). At least one of the common lifetime disorders has been reported among 35% of students (Auerbach et al., 2018). Despite the high prevalence of PSYs among the general population as well as college students, it is not established how to predict individuals with any PSY as well as relatives of these individuals with PSYs among university students. There are several questionnaires to screen out individuals with risks of these PSYs. Higher schizotypal personality trait scores, higher autism-spectrum trait scores, and lower emotional intelligence scores among the general population are associated with risks of PSYs (Supplementary Backgrounds). In this study, we investigated whether these traits were linearly correlated with diagnostic status in individuals with PSYs, unaffected first-or second-degree relatives of individuals with PSYs (FSRs), and (HCs) among university students. Next, we investigated correlations among these traits for each diagnostic status and investigated which traits best predicted diagnostic status.Participants (n= 237) were recruited from Japanese medical and nursing students (Supplementary Methods). Individuals were excluded from this analysis if they had neurological or medical conditions that could affect the central nervous system. These students were divided into three diagnostic groups, eighteen individuals with PSYs, 36 unaffected first-or second-degree relatives (FSRs) and 183 healthy controls (HCs), based on self-reports (Supplementary Table1). To assess schizotypal personality traits, autism-spectrum traits and emotional IQ, the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ)(Raine, 1991), autism spectrum quotient (AQ)(Baron-Cohen et al., 2001) and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue)(Arnold et al., 2018) were utilized. The effects of these traits on diagnostic status were analyzed using linear regression with diagnostic status (PSYs, FSRs and HCs) as a dependent variable and age-, sex-and site-corrected these traits as an independent variable. Correlations among these traits for each diagnostic status were assessed using Pearson’s r coefficient. The significance level was set at a two-tailed p< 0.017 (α= 0.05/3; three traits).