Disparities in health in the United States: An overview of the social determinants of health for otolaryngologists.
Disparities in health in the United States: An overview of the social determinants of health for otolaryngologists.
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DOI：
10.1002/lio2.81
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发表时间：
2017-08
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Sedaghat AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bergmark RW;Sedaghat AR
健康的社会决定因素包括社会和人口因素，如贫困、教育状况、种族和族裔、性别、保险状况，以及影响(1)疾病的发展，(2)获得和利用医疗保健的能力，以及(3)健康和医疗保健结果的其他因素。在耳鼻喉科，就像在其他专科外科领域一样，我们经常面临患者的社会和人口状况，包括贫困、语言障碍和缺乏医疗保险，但关于这些因素如何影响我们领域的健康公平，或者关注这些患者特征如何改善健康公平的研究有限。这篇综述为读者提供了一个框架，以理解健康的社会决定因素，包括社会经济地位、保险地位、种族、性别和其他因素如何影响健康。回顾了关于健康的社会决定因素的基础性论文，以及侧重于健康和医疗保健差距的耳鼻咽喉科出版物。健康的社会决定因素对患者的健康和医疗保健利用有重大影响，但关于这些因素以及如何在耳鼻咽喉科解决这些问题的数据相对缺乏。纳入衡量社会和人口特征并实际报告这些措施的工具，是增加与耳鼻喉科有关的健康社会决定因素数据的第一个简单步骤。需要对健康的社会决定因素以及它们如何影响耳鼻喉病进行更多的研究。联邦医疗保险的责任医疗组织模式将越来越多地改变医生报销的方式，使健康的社会决定因素不仅是我们的道德良知的核心，也是底线。4.
Social determinants of health include social and demographic factors such as poverty, education status, race and ethnicity, gender, insurance status, and other factors that influence (1) development of illness, (2) ability to obtain and utilize healthcare, and (3) health and healthcare outcomes. In otolaryngology, as in other subspecialty surgical fields, we are constantly confronted by patients’ social and demographic circumstances including poverty, language barriers, and lack of health insurance and yet there is limited research on how these factors impact health equity in our field, or how attention to these patient characteristics may improve health equity. This review provides the reader with a framework to understand the social determinants of health including how socioeconomic status, insurance status, race, gender, and other factors impact health. Foundational papers on the social determinants of health are reviewed, as well as otolaryngology publications focused on health and healthcare disparities. The social determinants of health have a major impact on patient health as well as healthcare utilization, but there is a relative lack of data on these factors and how they can be addressed within otolaryngology. Incorporating tools to measure social and demographic characteristics and actually report on these measures is a first simple step to increase the data on the social determinants of health as they pertain to otolaryngology. More research is needed on the social determinants of health, and how they impact otolaryngic disease. Medicare's Accountable Care Organization models will increasingly change the way in which physicians are reimbursed, making the social determinants of health central not only to our moral conscience but also the bottom line. 4