Dynamical systems for plant carbon storage: describing complex reserve dynamics from simple fluctuations in photosynthesis and carbon allocation
Dynamical systems for plant carbon storage: describing complex reserve dynamics from simple fluctuations in photosynthesis and carbon allocation
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植物碳储存动力系统：从光合作用和碳分配的简单波动描述复杂的储备动态
DOI：
10.1093/treephys/tpad104
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Sevanto, ed., Sanna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thompson, R. Alex;Landhäusser, Simon M.;Adams, Henry D.;Sevanto, ed., Sanna
通过光合作用同化碳的过程在一年中可能会有很大变化（Dietze等人，2014年）。为了生存，树木必须以非结构性碳的形式形成能量缓冲（NSC，即可溶性糖、淀粉、脂质、半纤维素和糖醇; Gibon et al. 2009; Signori-müller et al. 2021）。虽然已知该缓冲区的大小和季节幅度在气候和物种之间变化很大，但树木NSC动态的大多数模型仍然使用简单的异速生长比例（富兰克林等人，2012; Furze等人，2019; Fermaniuk等人，2021年）。碳分配的这种静态处理可以解释为什么大多数植被模型可能低估了对NSC的分配（Würth等人，2005;富兰克林等人，2012年）。在《树木生理学》的这期特刊中，Oswald &奥布里（2023）强调了非结构性碳水化合物（NSC）作为树木碳平衡中心轴的作用，为未来的植被模型指明了方向，将NSC储量和生长之间的分配作为一个动态过程，而不是光合作用的固定部分。植物生理学家多年的挑战（Körner 2011）。已知NSC在植物生理功能中发挥多种作用（Chapin et al. 1990; Dietze et al. 2014; Hartmann & Trumbore 2016）。然而，NSC动力学中的一个长期问题是环境是否直接限制生长（汇限制）或通过限制光合作用间接限制生长（源限制; Körner 2003; Muller et al. 2011）。这两种情况都对NSC的积累和收缩有明确的影响，并且通常被视为独立的过程。Oswald &奥布里（2023）认为，NSC动力学实际上是汇和源限制的产物。理解NSC动力学的框架还包括植物中NSC的被动和主动储备形成的相对重要性（Chapin et al. 1990; Kozlowski et al. 1992; Wiley & Helliker 2012）。即C是否分配
The assimilation of carbon through photosynthesis can vary considerably throughout the year (Dietze et al. 2014). To survive, trees must form an energetic buffer in the form of nonstructural carbon (NSCs, ie, soluble sugars, starch, lipids, hemicellulose, and sugar alcohols; Gibon et al. 2009; Signori-müller et al. 2021). While the size and seasonal amplitude of this buffer is known to vary considerably among climates and species, most models of tree NSC dynamics still use simple allometric scaling ratios (Franklin et al., 2012; Furze et al., 2019; Fermaniuk et al., 2021). This static treatment of carbon allocation may explain why most vegetation models likely underestimate allocation to NSCs (Würth et al., 2005; Franklin et al., 2012). In this special issue of Tree Physiology, Oswald & Aubrey (2023) emphasize the role of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) as a central axis of a tree’s carbon balance, pointing the way forward for future vegetation models to incorporate allocation between NSC reserves and growth as a dynamic process rather than a fixed fraction of photosynthesis.Understanding the complex dynamics that drive variation in NSCs has been a key challenge for plant physiologists for many years (Körner 2011). NSCs are known to play a variety of roles in plant physiological function (Chapin et al. 1990; Dietze et al. 2014; Hartmann & Trumbore 2016). Yet, a longstanding issue in NSC dynamics is whether the environment constrains growth directly (sink limitation) or indirectly by constraining photosynthesis, thus limiting growth (source limitation; Körner 2003; Muller et al. 2011). Both scenarios have clear implications for how NSCs accumulate and contract, and have often been presented as independent processes. Oswald & Aubrey (2023) suggest that NSC dynamics are really the product of both sink and source limitations. The framework for understanding NSC dynamics also includes the relative importance of passive and active reserve formation of NSC in plants (Chapin et al. 1990; Kozlowski et al. 1992; Wiley & Helliker 2012). That is, whether C allocated