An outline of the pattern of bacterial generation times.
An outline of the pattern of bacterial generation times.
复制标题
细菌世代时间模式的概述。
DOI：
10.1099/00221287-18-2-382
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发表时间：
1958
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. Powell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Powell
总结：已测量了四种生物的世代时间，每种生物在几组条件下：嗜气荚膜梭菌、粘质沙雷氏菌、粪链球菌和铜绿假单胞菌。实验条件的微小变化似乎影响的平均生成时间在大样本比在小。这可以解释为密切相关的生物体的世代之间的关联的结果。姐妹篇、堂兄弟姐妹和第二代堂兄弟姐妹的世代时间之间的正相关表明，祖先的影响可以通过两三代人感受到。观察到的母亲和女儿之间的相关性通常很小，可能是由于细胞质分裂和细胞壁分裂之间的间隔造成的偏差。世代时间的变异系数对物种来说不是常数，但在一定条件下是稳定的。这可能与生长培养基的化学复杂性有关。在不受阻碍的生长中，不到1%的生物体是不可存活的。姐妹篇的生活力之间存在正相关，生物体的生活力与其母亲的世代时间之间存在正相关。生成时间的分布可以用皮尔逊III型分布或皮尔逊V型分布来表示，这两种分布在应用中都很方便。一个个体的世代时间被认为部分是由分子偶然性决定的，部分是由遗传决定的。
SUMMARY: The generation times of four species of organisms have been measured, each under several sets of conditions: Aerobacter cloacae, Serratia marcescens, Streptococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Minor variations in the experimental conditions appear to affect the mean generation time less in large samples than in small. This can be explained as a result of association between the generation times of closely related organisms. Positive correlation between the generation times of sisters, cousins and perhaps second cousins shows that the influence of an ancestor is felt through two or three generations. The observed correlation between mothers and daughters is usually small, probably because of bias due to the interval between fission of cytoplasm and fission of cell wall. The coefficient of variation of generation time is not a constant for the species but it is stable under given circumstances. It is possibly related systematically to the chemical complexity of the growth medium. In unhampered growth, less than 1% of the organisms produced are non-viable. There is positive association between the viabilities of sisters, and between the viability of an organism and the generation time of its mother. The distribution of generation times can be represented by a Pearson Type III or else a Pearson Type V distribution; both are convenient in applications. The generation time of an individual is considered to be determined partly by molecular accidents, partly by heredity.