Microbial community structure of Arctic multiyear sea ice and surface seawater by 454 sequencing of the 16S RNA gene
Microbial community structure of Arctic multiyear sea ice and surface seawater by 454 sequencing of the 16S RNA gene
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DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2011.76
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Sicheritz-Ponten, Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bowman, Jeff S.;Rasmussen, Simon;Sicheritz-Ponten, Thomas
北极多年冰（MYI）范围的急剧减少表明，这种环境可能早在2100年就会消失，取而代之的是生态上不同的第一年冰。为了更好地了解这种损失对微生物生物多样性的影响，我们利用16S rRNA基因的平行标签测序对MYI靠近地理北极的两个地点的微生物群落进行了详细的普查。虽然已有研究对MYI微生物群落的组成进行了表征，但微生物群落结构尚未得到明确。虽然MYI的丰富度低于下伏地表水，但我们发现使用Simpson和Shannon指数（Simpson t = 0.65, P = 0.56; Shannon t = 0.25, P = 0.84）进行平均值的学生t检验，多样性具有可比性。蓝藻首次在北极海冰中被观察到，占MYI读数的6.8%。此外，在海冰中还发现了一些以前没有报道过的低丰度的分支，包括TM7门、Spartobacteria纲和Opitutae纲。Coraliomargarita是最近被发现的Opitutae纲的一个属，其成员数量足以表明在MYI中有生态位存在。ISME学报（2012）6,11-20；doi: 10.1038 / ismej.2011.76;2011年6月30日在线发布
Dramatic decreases in the extent of Arctic multiyear ice (MYI) suggest this environment may disappear as early as 2100, replaced by ecologically different first-year ice. To better understand the implications of this loss on microbial biodiversity, we undertook a detailed census of the microbial community in MYI at two sites near the geographic North Pole using parallel tag sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Although the composition of the MYI microbial community has been characterized by previous studies, microbial community structure has not been. Although richness was lower in MYI than in underlying surface water, we found diversity to be comparable using the Simpson and Shannon's indices (for Simpson t = 0.65, P = 0.56; for Shannon t = 0.25, P = 0.84 for a Student's t-test of mean values). Cyanobacteria, comprising 6.8% of reads obtained from MYI, were observed for the first time in Arctic sea ice. In addition, several low-abundance clades not previously reported in sea ice were present, including the phylum TM7 and the classes Spartobacteria and Opitutae. Members of Coraliomargarita, a recently described genus of the class Opitutae, were present in sufficient numbers to suggest niche occupation within MYI. The ISME Journal (2012) 6, 11-20; doi:10.1038/ismej.2011.76; published online 30 June 2011