Studying Plant MIF/D-DT-Like Genes and Proteins (MDLs).
Studying Plant MIF/D-DT-Like Genes and Proteins (MDLs).
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4939-9936-1_22
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Dzmitry Sinitski;Katrin Gruner;J. Bernhagen;R. Panstruga
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dzmitry Sinitski;Katrin Gruner;J. Bernhagen;R. Panstruga
人巨噬细胞移动抑制因子（MIF）是一种具有趋化因子样特征的炎性细胞因子，是宿主先天免疫的上游调节因子。它是多种人类疾病的关键介质，例如急性和慢性炎症性疾病、自身免疫、动脉粥样硬化和癌症。MIF是一种非典型趋化因子，不仅通过其同源受体CD 74发出信号，而且还与经典趋化因子受体CXCR 2和CXCR 4相互作用。MIF及其同源物D-多巴色素互变异构酶（D-DT）/MIF-2是结构独特的蛋白质，其跨界保守并且与细菌互变异构酶/异构酶共享显著的同源性，尽管互变异构酶活性在哺乳动物系统中的相关性仍不清楚。有趣的是，计算机模拟分析还预测了植物中的MIF直系同源物，例如在模式植物拟南芥中。A中有三个预测的MIF直系同源物。thaliana，已被命名为A.拟南芥MIF/D-DT样蛋白（AtMDLs）。预计将有一个未来的研究兴趣在studyingAtMDLs或其他植物MDLs，在这里，我们描述的方法如何克隆，重组表达和纯化AtMDL蛋白，考虑到植物和哺乳动物细胞系统之间的密码子使用差异。
Human macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an inflammatory cytokine with chemokine-like characteristics and an upstream regulator of host innate immunity. It is a critical mediator of a variety of human diseases, such as acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmunity, atherosclerosis, and cancer. MIF is an atypical chemokine that not only signals through its cognate receptor CD74, but also interacts with the classical chemokine receptors CXCR2 and CXCR4. MIF and its homolog D-dopachrome tautomerase (D-DT)/MIF-2 are structurally unique proteins that are conserved across kingdoms and that share a remarkable homology with bacterial tautomerases/isomerases, albeit the relevance of the tautomerase activity in mammalian systems has remained unclear. Intriguingly, in silico analysis also predicts MIF orthologs in plants such as in the model plantArabidopsis thaliana. There are three predicted MIF orthologs inA. thaliana, which have been termedA. thalianaMIF/D-DT-like proteins (AtMDLs). Anticipating that there will be a future research interest in studyingAtMDLs or other plant MDLs, here we describe methods how to clone, recombinantly express and purifyAtMDL proteins, taking into account codon usage differences between plant and mammalian cell systems.