Evolution and Creationism in Science: 1880–2000
Evolution and Creationism in Science: 1880–2000
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科学中的进化论和神创论：1880-2000
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Bleckmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Bleckmann
摘要《科学》杂志自1880年创刊以来，一直记录着进化论与神创论之间的争论。每年提及的次数表明了公众辩论的激烈程度。斯科普斯审判（1925年）以及加州（1979-1981年）、阿肯色州（1981年）和路易斯安那州（1982-1987年）的审判，都出现了高峰。尽管进化论者在最后三场中完胜，公众舆论在斯科普斯案的审判中也基本上支持科学，但最高法院在最近一个案件中的反对意见似乎推动了新的神创论活动--智能设计运动。在过去的世纪和四分之一的时间里，争论只发生了轻微的变化。原教旨主义者对进化论教学的反对仍然很强烈。科学家们一直建议更好的教育作为解决争端的办法;然而，迄今为止，证据并不支持这一立场。科学和原教旨主义之间的分歧似乎不可调和，而且这场激烈的辩论也没有明显的结束迹象。
Abstract The journal Science has documented the evolutionist–creationist controversy since it began publication in 1880. The annual number of references suggests the intensity of the public debate. Peaks occurred in response to the Scopes trial (1925) and trials in California (1979–1981), Arkansas (1981), and Louisiana (1982–1987). Although evolutionists won the last three outright, and public opinion largely supported science in the Scopes trial, dissenting opinions in the Supreme Court in the most recent case seem to have given impetus to new creationist activity—the intelligent design movement. Arguments have changed only slightly in the last century and a quarter. Fundamentalist opposition to teaching evolution remains strong. Scientists have consistently suggested better education as the solution to the dispute; however, to date, evidence does not support that position. Differences between science and fundamentalism appear irreconcilable, and no obvious end to the acrimonious debate is in sight.