The effect of D123 wheat as a companion crop on soil enzyme activities, microbial biomass and microbial communities in the rhizosphere of watermelon.
The effect of D123 wheat as a companion crop on soil enzyme activities, microbial biomass and microbial communities in the rhizosphere of watermelon.
复制标题
D123小麦作为伴作作物对西瓜根际土壤酶活性、微生物量和微生物群落的影响
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2015.00899
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Wu F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu W;Wang Z;Wu F
西瓜枯萎病（Fusarium oxysporum f.）sp. niveum（Fon），造成经济损失。研究了D123小麦与西瓜间作对西瓜根际土壤酶活性、微生物生物量和微生物群落的影响，并探讨其与西瓜枯萎病发病的关系。结果表明，土壤多酚氧化酶、脲酶和转化酶活性显著提高，微生物量氮（MBN）和微生物量磷（MBP）显著增加，MBC/MBN比值显著降低（P <0. 05）。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明，西瓜/小麦间作系统中Fon的数量显著低于单作系统（P < 0.05）。微生物群落分析表明，西瓜根际微生物群落的相对丰度发生了变化。与单作系统相比，西瓜/小麦间作系统中西瓜根际α-变形菌、放线菌、芽单胞菌和球壳菌的相对丰度增加，γ-变形菌、鞘氨醇菌、噬细胞菌、盘孢菌和散囊菌的相对丰度降低;西瓜/小麦间作系统中枯萎病的发病率也降低。研究表明，D123小麦作为伴生作物提高了西瓜根际土壤酶活性和微生物生物量，降低了Fon种群数量，改变了西瓜根际微生物群落的相对丰度，这可能与西瓜/小麦伴生系统中枯萎病的减少有关。
The growth of watermelon is often threatened by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon) in successively monocultured soil, which results in economic loss. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of D123 wheat as a companion crop on soil enzyme activities, microbial biomass and microbial communities in the rhizosphere of watermelon and to explore the relationship between the effect and the incidence of wilt caused by Fon. The results showed that the activities of soil polyphenol oxidase, urease and invertase were increased, the microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) and microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP) were significantly increased, and the ratio of MBC/MBN was decreased (P < 0.05). Real-time PCR analysis showed that the Fon population declined significantly in the watermelon/wheat companion system compared with the monoculture system (P < 0.05). The analysis of microbial communities showed that the relative abundance of microbial communities was changed in the rhizosphere of watermelon. Compared with the monoculture system, the relative abundances of Alphaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and Sordariomycetes were increased, and the relative abundances of Gammaproteobacteria, Sphingobacteria, Cytophagia, Pezizomycetes, and Eurotiomycetes were decreased in the rhizosphere of watermelon in the watermelon/wheat companion system; importantly, the incidence of Fusarium wilt was also decreased in the watermelon/wheat companion system. In conclusion, this study indicated that D123 wheat as a companion crop increased soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass, decreased the Fon population, and changed the relative abundance of microbial communities in the rhizosphere of watermelon, which may be related to the reduction of Fusarium wilt in the watermelon/wheat companion system.