Life-history traits of voles in a fluctuating population respond to the immediate environment
Life-history traits of voles in a fluctuating population respond to the immediate environment
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DOI：
10.1038/35082553
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发表时间：
2001-06-28
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Stenseth, NC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ergon, T;Lambin, X;Stenseth, NC
与生长和繁殖相关的生活史特征在物种和种群(1,2)以及种群内的个体(3)之间差异很大。在田鼠种群中，不同地点和同一地点不同年份的体型和成熟年龄可能有很大差异(4-8)。与种群减少的个体相比，种群增加的个体通常体型更大，并且在春季更早开始繁殖(6-8)。人群中这种生活史差异的原因一直是很多讨论的主题(7,9,10)。大多数争议涉及对过去状况的记忆是否存在于环境中（例如，捕食者（11,12）、病原体（13）或食物（14,15）），还是存在于人群或个体内部（年龄分布（16,17）、生理状态（3）、遗传（18）或母体影响（19,20）），从而导致对生活史特征的延迟影响。在这里，我们报告了一项广泛的田间移植实验，其中田鼠在繁殖季节之前在平均越冬体重不同的地点之间转移。移植的田鼠没有保留其来源种群的特征，我们证明了直接环境在塑造小型啮齿类动物的生活史特征方面发挥着压倒性的作用。
Life-history traits relating to growth and reproduction vary greatly among species and populations(1,2) and among individuals within populations(3). In vole populations, body size and age at maturation may vary considerably among locations and among years within the same location(4-8). Individuals in increasing populations are typically larger and start reproduction earlier in the spring than those in declining populations(6-8). The cause of such life-history variation within populations has been subject of much discussion(7,9,10). Much of the controversy concerns whether the memory of past conditions, leading to delayed effects on life-history traits, resides in the environment (for example, predators(11,12), pathogens(13) or food(14,15)) or intrinsically within populations or individuals (age distribution(16,17), physiological state(3), genetic(18) or maternal effects(19,20)). Here we report from an extensive field transplant experiment in which voles were moved before the breeding season between sites that differed in average overwintering body mass. Transplanted voles did not retain the characteristics of their source population, and we demonstrate an over-riding role of the immediate environment in shaping life-history traits of small rodents.